CLT3378 Final Study Guide Gilgamesh Unug Akkadian Uruk actual historical figure of Gilgamesh city in which Bilgames rules over Akkadian the culture of Gilgamesh Uruk city Gilgamesh is king of Bilgames king of Unug Ninsun wild cow associated with wisdom Gilgamesh s mother Lugalbanda Gilgamesh s father Sumerian king Epic of Gilgamesh standard version 12 tablets long flood myth Utnapishtim part of tablet 11 Belit ili forms Gilgamesh s body Mami Nintu Aruru also creates Enkidu Enkidu wild man hairy uncivilized thwarts hunters equal of Gilgamesh it s his second self lump of clay wilderness rejected by animals wise civilized goes to Uruk Gilgamesh virgin wedding wrestles with Gilgamesh and becomes friends second self Enkidu Gilgamesh s second shelf the reverse image counterpart of Gilgamesh Shamhat prostitute who has sex with Enkidu for 6 days and 7 nights to tame him tells Enkidu to go to Uruk and challenge Gilgamesh awaits Enkidu at watering place hunter s trap Ishtar goddess of love fertility and war Shamhat worships her culture wants Gilgamesh but he rejects her her lovers unlucky Humbaba giant who guards the pine forest Ellil Gilgamesh proposes quest to fight Humbaba Ellil Mesopotamian storm sky god Gilgamesh and Enkidu don t want him to see them kill Humbaba Shamash Akadian sun god Ninsun help from Shamash to defeat Humbaba Gilgamesh prays to Shamash Gilgamesh and Enkidu fight Humbaba Shamash 4winds Humbaba mercy Enkidu No mercy Ellil Gilgamesh kills Humbaba curse divine council myth Ninsun and Shamash Ninsun worried Gilgamesh will not be able to defeat Humbaba Ishtar and Anu Ishtar mad Gilgamesh rejected her wants to use the bull of heaven to get back at him Bull of Heaven unleashed in Uruk earthquakes landslides killed by Gilgamesh and Enkidu horns dedicated to Lugalbanda Utnapishtim the only man to become immortal Gilgamesh journey s to find him lives at Mouth of Rivers edges of earth underworld type place katabasis myth how a hero makes a descent a katabasis to the underworld and returns to earth alive Scorpion man guards Mashu with his wife give Gilgamesh advice for becoming immortal Mashu entrance to the underworld where Shamash rises mountain at edges of earth twin peaks where sun shamash rises guarded by Scorpion men Mashu is impossible to enter Gilgamesh passes through Mashu Ur Sumerian city where Scorpian man on Great Lyre lies a cemetary Great Lyre where Scorpion man s cemetery rests at Sumerian city of Ur Great Lyre discovered in tomb bottom panel Scorpion man underworld funeral connection Siduri the alewife gives Gilgamesh directions to find Utnapishtim beer seller runs tavern tells Gilgamesh to cross sea to get to Utnapishtim only Shamash has crossed sea find Urshanabi Urshanabi the ferryman to the underworld the ferryman across sea for Gilgamesh to get to Utnapishtim Apsu the underworld river ring composition Gilgamesh beings and ends at the walls of Uruk Uruk s walls to Uruk s walls Background Reading 8 Gilgamesh Sumerian The Sumerian poems about Bilgames these poems give evidence that Gilgamesh seems to be based on a Sumerian king of Unug Akkadian Uruk whose name would have been spelled bilgames in the Sumerian language and who ruled some time between 2800 and 2500 Sumerians were telling mythic stories about a certainking of Unug named Bilgames and theres 5 tales written in Sumerian These poems are connected to form an epic narratice But there is a Sumerian poem about Bilgames battle with the giant Huwawa Akkadian Humbaba and bilgames battle with the Bull of Heaven Old Babylonian the Babylonians copied out the literary products of the older Sumerian civilization When these scribes were active is called the Old Babylonian period c 2000 1600 Fragments of the Akkadian epic poem about Gilgamesh is termed by scholars as the Old Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh The author of this connected the adventures together into a single epic narrative only a few fragments survived The standard version has at times exact copy of the Old Babylonian version The Old Babylonian Epic of Gilgameshi was known to Babylonians as Surpassing all other kings after its first words Standard Version The author is Sin leqe unnini around 1200 when the Kassites ruled Babylon It s hard to classify him as an author or editor of the Old Babylon because of how closely the passages are Most of the copies come from Assyrian sites of the mid to late 7th century The Standard Version of the Epic of Gilgamesh was known as He who saw the Deep after its first words Folktale Heroines Aarne Thompson system used for classifying mythology according to their elements and structures a tale type of index the way the folktales were written mixture between Anti Arne and Stith Thompson and was revised by Thompson when Anti Aarne died folktale motifs single element idea in story you can have many motif s Motif Index of Folk Literature put together by the American Stith Thompson 1885 1976 folktale types type of stories AT Tale Type 720 My Mother She Killed Me My Father He Ate Me AT Arne Thompson holds The Juniper Tree The Crow s Nest and The Rose Tree The Juniper Tree German a rich man and women they want to have children as soon as the son is born she dies He gets a second wife and has another daughter so then an evil stepsister is born stepmother kills the brother She puts the dead body upstairs on a chair with a scarf around his neck the daughter accidently nocks off his head and is horrified Kind of like Anansi with his the dead dwarf the dead son is turned into black pudding the dad eats it the girl puts the bones in a handkerchief and puts it in a juniper tree Out of the fire a bird comes and flys off goldsmith gold chain given to the father red shoes given to the daughter millstone dropped on the evil stepmother s head Marlinchen The Crow s Nest Hungary a father and mother have a son and daughter The mom kills the kid and turns into stewed cabbage dad accidently eats it but the daughter won t eat it She gathers his bones to a tree to barry it Out comes a crow who is called the boy from the tree That crow boy sings in the forrest the bird sings to a man to get his cloak same with a stick then theman has a millstone so he sings for it Drops the cloak for daughter and crutch stick for the father and the millstone on the evil mother and crushes her cloak given to father stick given to daughter millstone dropped on mother s head The Rose Tree England evil stepmother kills the daughter makes stew father eats it son won t
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