Hesiod s Theogony Questions for Theogony I 1 1 What culture is Hesiod s Theogony from 2 What type of work is Hesiod s Theogony 3 When is Hesiod s Theogony dated to Greek Culture Poem C 700 BCE 4 What does Theogony mean Birth of Gods 5 What do the Muses tell Hesiod What do they do to him They tell him that they speak lies like they re true but that they can also be honest and tell the truth They give him gifts and breathe divine voices into him so that he can sing and celebrate the Gods 6 Who are the parents of the Muses Zeus and Mnemosyne Memory He slept with her for nine days and she gave birth to nine Muses 7 What characteristics do the Muses have The muses share one mind have their hearts set on songs and have a care free spirit 8 Who is the chiefest Muse Why Calliope is the chiefest muse because she attends to worshipful princes 9 Muses and Apollo put on Earth and Zeus put on earth Singers Harpers Princes 10 Who are the four primal Gods Chaos chasm Empty space Gaia Earth Tartaros Underworld pit and Eros Sexual Desire They are all binaural 11 Make a family Tree of the birth of the Gods Chaos Gaia Tartarus Eros Chaos Black Night Erebus Aether and Day Gaia Earth Ouranus Mountain Sea Gaia X Ouranos Titans Cyclopes Hundred Handers 3 12 Who did Gaia and Ouranos make The Titans the Hundred Handers and the Cyclopes 13 Who in the end were the most terrible What did Ouranos do to them The Hundred Handers were the most terrible and most hated Ouranos hid them away inside of Gaia Earth as soon as they were born and wouldn t let them see the light 14 How does Gaia feel about what Ouranos has done What does she plan to do Gaia is upset and plans to overthrow Ouranos with a great sickle in order to free her Hundred Handed children 15 What does Gaia say to the Hundred Handers How do they react Who steps up to the plate and what does he say Gaia tells the Hundred Handers that they have a sinful father who if they obey her will be punished for his shameful deeds The Hundred Handers are too afraid of the plan and say nothing Cronos is the one who stands up and says he will punish Ouranos 16 How does Kronos punish Ouranos Who are born from his blood Kronos castrates Ouranos and from the blood the Furies Erinyes the giants and the nymphs also called Meliae 18 Who is born from Ouranos members testicles What spread around them Aphrodite foam 17 Name the successors in order Ouranos Cronos Zeus Cronos overthrew Ouranos and Zeus overthrew Cronos Cycle ends with Zeus Translation to Conversational English Hesiod I 1 Culture Greek Author Hesiod Type of work poem Date of work c 700 BCE Language of work Greek Hesiod describes the Muses as holding the great and holy mount of Helicon and going abroad at night singing songs praising all of the Gods They teach Hesiod a song while he s shepherding his lambs that they speak many lies as if they are telling the truth but that they can also speak the and state truth we know how to speak many false utter things true They then give Hesiod a rod shoot of sturdy laurel and breathed into him a divine voice to sing praise and speak of the god but to always sing of the Muses first and last Hesiod then goes on to describe the Muses beautiful voices and how it resounds throughout Olympus They sing about the birth of the gods of the ones that Earth and Heaven had the gods that were born from them and their children and then they sing of Zeus and how supreme he is They then chant about mankind and giants Zeus sleeps with a woman named Mnemosyne Memory for nine days and she gives birth to the nine muses The muses share one mind have their hearts set on songs and have a care free spirit It is then explained how Calliope is the chiefest muse because she attends worshipful princes The muses honor the princes that are heaven nourished and pour honey on his tongue so that he may speak sweet words that stops quarrels and settles and comforts people which stops distress from happening The Muses and Apollo are the reason there are singers and harpers on earth and Zeus is the reason the princes are on Earth These singers are servants of the Muses and become happy and forget all their troubles once they sing of the Gods and how they came to be This is where the creation Myth begins and the hymn to the Muses stops in the text line 115 Following this is a bunch of births of the gods It describes the first four Chaos Gaia Earth Tartarus and Eros Love From Chaos comes Erebus and black Night Then Erebus and Night sleep together resulting in the birth of Aether and Day Gaia Earth gave birth the Ouranos sky Heaven but made him equal to her and then gives birth to the mountains and the sea but without having sex to do so Gaia also sleeps with Ouranos and births the Cyclopes Titans and hundred handers Cronos was the youngest and most terrible of her children but then the hundred handers were born with a hundred arms and fifty heads and they became the most hated by their father Ouranos who hid them away the second they were born inside of Gaia earth Gaia is upset by this and tells the Hundred Handers that they have a sinful father who if they obey her will be punished for his shameful deeds gotten a sinful father if you will obey me punish the vile father doing shameful things The Hundred Handers are too afraid of the plan and say nothing Cronos is the one who stands up and tells Gaia that her will do the task Mother Undertake this deed shameful things When Ouranos comes to lay with Gaia Cronos comes forth and castrates Ouranos The blood falls all over Earth and from it are born the Furies Erinyes the giants and the Nymphs Melia Cronos throws Ouranos parts and the land in the sea where foam spreads around them an Aphrodite is born Theogony 1 2 Succession Myth 2 Threat to Zeus Rule 1 Who did Rhea sleep with Who are their children Rhea slept with Cronos and their children are Hestia Demeter Hera Hades Poseidon and Zeus 2 Rhea and Cronos children are called the what The Olympians Zeus 3 Who is the youngest of their children 4 What did Cronos do as his children were born Why He swallowed them because of a prophecy given to him by Earth Gaia and Heaven Ouranos that he was going to be overthrown by his son 5 How did Rhea feel about this What does she do Rhea is grieved by this and asks Earth and Heaven parents to …
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