CLT3378 01 Ancient Mythology East and West Spring 2015 Study Guide for Exam 1 I Format for Exam 1 1 Multiple Choice or True False questions 40 points a Answer twenty multiple choice or True False questions each worth 2 points b Actual wording for this section as it will appear on the exam Multiple Choice or True False Questions 40 points Circle either the letter A B C or D beside the correct answer OR true or false for the following twenty questions There is only one correct answer for each question c Sample questions are 1 When Apsu tells Tiamat his plan to kill their children she A asks how she can help him finally get rid of them B is opposed to the plan C makes no reply at all D kills Apsu on the spot 2 Gods can be tricksters True False 2 Choose 6 out of 8 short answer questions 60 points a Actual wording for this section as it will appear on the exam Short answer 60 points Choose six out of the following eight In each of your answers write at least four complete sentences Make sure to answer all parts of a question b Each short answer question will have a direct quotation from one of your assigned readings either from the required textbooks or from the online readings in the Course Library and questions based on this quotation Questions can include but are not limited to the following What literary work is being quoted What character is speaking these lines Why does this character say what he she does Based on this quotation what can we tell about the author of this work What is going on in the story at this point How are the events described here similar to different from another myth which will be stated specifically in this question II Review Questions The following questions are meant to aid you in thinking about the material for the exam 1 Compare the beginning of creation in Babylonian and Israelite accounts What is the first element of the cosmos in these accounts What is its significance What are the different processes that are used to bring about the creation of the world How are these accounts similar in terms of their descriptions of the processes of creation How are they different 2 How are succession myths related to creation myths How are combat myths related to succession myths Compare and contrast the battles between the gods or god like forces in Babylonian Canaanite and Israelite accounts Consider also the combat myths in Hittite accounts 3 Compare the creation of humans in Babylonian and Israelite accounts Who creates humans From what substance are humans created For what purpose are they created How important is the creation of humans to the authors of these stories 4 What are the similarities and differences between the following pairs of gods Tiamat and Yam Yahweh and Baal Yahweh and Marduk Ea and the Serpent in the Garden of Eden Anat and Inara Shapash and Istanu and Marduk and Tessub III List of Terms As a study aid for the exam make sure you can identify each of the following terms Who is each god or other figure To what culture does the god figure term belong In what literary work does the god figure term appear What does the god figure do in that literary work For a term concept what does the term concept mean How does the term concept relate to the myths cultures and literary works that we have studied Introduction to Myth God Powerful important supernatural beings Hero figures in whom the gods take special interest Trickster amoral operate on own moral code shape shifting deceivers investigators sometimes culture heroes Creation myth how the universe came in to being Succession myth how one god succeeds to the kingship of gods Usually by Combat myth how a god often the storm god or a hero battles defeats a disposing another god monstrous enemy Divine council myth how two or more gods meet to discuss the fate of one or more humans help vs harm them apocalyptic myth how gods level destruction on humans because one or more human has offended the gods flood myth how one god angry at humans sends a flood to destroy all life on earth heroic quest myth how a heroe makes a journey to gain experiences and achieve fame usually by battle katabasis myth how a hero makes a descent to the underworld and returns to earth alive trickster myth how tricksters transform either themselves or the world around them polytheism the belief and worship of many gods anthropomorphism conception of gods in the shape of human beings binaturalism conception of gods with two natures 1 physical space and a god sky earth sea 2 abstract concept and god love victory envy 3 thing and god fire sacred drink syncretism adaptation of one cultures mythic beliefs by another culture sphere of influence areas with which gods are associated have power primordial waters waters that exist at the beginning or even before creation Usually precedes sea Ancient Near East i e mesopotania modern day Iraq Syria Enuma Elish Mesopotamia o land between rivers the tigris and Euphrates o Earliest mesopotanian civilization o Earliest human civilization Sumerians Akkadians o Later mesopotanian people semitic o Heavily influence by summerians o Later subdialects of akkadia Assyrian babylonian Babylonians Enuma Elish when on high o Babylonian o Poem epic poem creation poem o C 1000 BCE o Akkadian language in Cuneiform script o Poem recited at New Years Festival Where Babylonian king has right to rule renewed o Tells the rise to power of Marduk o Also celebrates the construction of Babylon and the temple that were built after the defeating of Tiamat o Ends with ceremonial names of Marduk Akitu Marduk o The patron god of Babylon o The storm god o NOT binatural o Lets go of the winds given to him by Anu and pisses off Tiamat o After bot Ea and Any get sent by Anhar to defeat Tiamat and return o All gods swear allegiances to Marduk and he is given the winds and Marduk says he is willing to do it powers to defeat Tiamat Wins o Sends winds to Tiamat s open mouth who then inflates like a balloon Then he shoots an arrow and pops her o He splits tiamat in two using one part to create parts of the lower sky constellations another part to create earth uses eyes to create the Trigis and Euphrates flow breasts for mountains o gives the Tablet of Destinies to Anu Cuneiform Wedge shaped writing Enuma Elish took 7 tablets to write Apsu o god representing fresh water in the beginning primordial water o created so many gods that the world became noisy so he wanted to kill them 9his children Tiamat o goddess Salt water o Had
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