CLT 3378 Ancient Mythology East and West Spring 2015 Lecture Outline Egyptian Afterlife Culture Egyptian Work read various prose texts Type of work prose Date of work c 2600 1000 BCE Language of work Egyptian Culture Greek Work read On Isis and Osiris Type of work prose Author Plutarch Date of work c 100 CE Language of work Greek I Plutarch s On Isis and Osiris a no full Egyptian account of myth of Isis and Osiris b best account 1 Plutarch 40 120 CE 2 Greek writer Roman Empire c gives Greek names for Egyptian gods Seth Typhon d succession myth 1 Osiris to Horus as king of Egypt 2 Osiris overthrown by Seth his brother 3 succeeded by Horus e Osiris marries Isis sister Seth marries Nephthys sister f Osiris becomes king of Egypt g Seth they fit in chest Osiris fits h seals chest sends it out to sea on nile river i Isis searches for Osiris finds chest in pillar Byblos takes it with her 1 trickster force of chaos 2 tricks Osiris into chest measures his body while he sleeps and invites people to see if j Isis takes chest makes mistake of setting it down 1 Seth finds it 2 cuts up Osiris body k BUT in Egyptian versions 1 no chest mentioned 2 Seth just cuts up Osiris l scattered parts of Osiris in Nile Isis locates all body parts does not find phallus so she has to make a new one m Isis reanimates Osiris they sleep together she bears son Horus Then Osiris dies n Osiris becomes king of underworld o when grown Horus battles defeats Seth p Horus becomes king of Egypt succeeding his father q kings of Egypt manifestations of Horus II Egyptian Afterlife a duat Egyptian underworld b view of afterlife 1 love of life 2 afterlife a same maybe a little better as life on earth b paradisal hard to get there 3 importance of good afterlife c necessary for good afterlife 1 ka a sustaining spirit of person life force b spiritual ghostly double of person c needs sustenance in afterlife 1 friends and family bring actual offerings food drink 2 paintings models of food drink d resides in heart when youre alive e for dead resides in tomb 1 inside mummy 2 reason for mummification f Horus ka for kings 1 hieroglyph for ka 2 Horus name of king a character personality of person b ba bird c for living with first breath of life d for dead last breath flies about tomb underworld a inseparable from person b ceases to be if demon devours a essence individuality of person b preservation of name tomb c ceases to be if name obliterated 2 ba 3 shadow 4 name 5 akh a transfigured soul b necessary for survival in afterlife c contains 1 4 above d magical spells ensure transformation painted on 1 mummy 2 tombs coffins III Groups of Magical Spells for akh 1 Pyramid Texts a Old Kingdom royal tombs b kings 2 Coffin Texts a coffins in Middle Kingdom b royal and non royal dead c transformation into akh possible for non royals d builds upon 1 3 Book of the Dead a New Kingdom tombs written on papyrus b for royal and non royal dead c builds upon 1 and 2 d proper name The Book of Coming Forth by Day i e like sun IV residents of underworld a gods of underworld b assorted demons monsters c akh of dead persons the souls of lucky blessed people d damned souls unlucky souls 1 unable to become akh 2 souls fate PERHAPS OR a eternal torment b battle sun god Ra every night with Apophis Aapep V Gods of the Underworld 1 queen of underworld 2 throne hieroglyph 3 magic a Isis b Osiris c Anubis 1 king of underworld has to die first though 2 first mummy Isis and Anubis team up to mummify him 3 mummiform 4 green skin fertility 1 jackal god 2 mummifying god god of mummification 3 escorts souls of dead to underworld 4 weighs heart of dead a feather of Maat Order Truth b if heart heavier then the feather of maat c heart eaten by monster Amamet Ammit d if b soul is damned d Thoth 1 ibis headed ibis 2 OR baboon 3 wisdom and writing 4 scribe for Osiris VI Judgment of Dead a before Osiris head judge and Anubis Thoth b also 42 other judges gods c Protestation of Guiltlessness 1 negative confession 2 includes I have not taken the loaves of the blessed dead d if guiltlessness accepted akh is admitted to afterlife
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