CLT3378 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE Pandora Pandora According to Hesiod Pandora means all pan gifts dora Has a box but we think it s actually a jar of evils Works and Days Written by Hesiod It is didactic or moral and teaches you how to be a good person and how to live your life in a good way Didactic Also stands for moral Teaches you something like how to be a good person Misogynistic There was a misogynistic strain in Greek culture This came from hating women mis hate Hephaistos Hephaestus blacksmith god that forms woman out of clay and water In greek mythology Hephaistos is one of the 2 creator gods Epimetheus Prometheus brother Accepts gifts from Zues although Promotheus warns him not to Pyxis box That how we got Pandora s Box although it should be jar Pithos jar There was a mistranslation Pandora s Box should ve been Pandora s Jar Jar filled with evils and hope Hope we wonder why hope is in the jar of evils Hesiod doesn t explain why it is there When Pandora puts the lid of the jar back on hope is trapped n the jar kalon kakon beautiful evil term used by Hesiod to describe women Myth of the Races shows the ages Explains the devolution of people Race of Heroes Race of heroes is seen in myth of the races There is no decline it does not fit Prometheus Titans binatural gods 12 children of Gaia and Ouranos Iapetos Iapetos is a titan According to Hesiod he is the father of Prometheus Gaia Earth goddess Ouranos mate produce titans Ouranos Sky god Mates with Gaia to produce the titans Atlas Sky supporter One of Prometheus brother Punished by Zeus Menoitios another brother of Prometheus We don t know much about him Thrown into Tartaros Mecone Place of Prometheus sacrifice trick The men and gods divide up the ox to decide who gets what Prometheus wraps bones in fat apparently good and wraps the meat in the ox stomach apparently bad so Zues ends up getting the bones Sicyon another word for Mecone Prometheus sacrifice trick with the ox happens here fennel stalk a pith Prometheus uses to steal the fire He then gives that stolen fire to men Aeschylus wrote Prometheus Bound Shows Prometheus as a culture hero and Zeus as a tyrant Prometheus Bound over 200 years after Hesiod In the same Greek culture as Hesiod culture hero a mythological hero specific to some group who changes the world through invention or discovery Enki Ea spheres of influence cleverness wisdom fresh water Trickster god associated with human creation Metis an early mate of Zues cleverness cf Thetis Thetis sea nymph Zeus marries Thetis to mortal bc of the prophecy that his son will be stronger than him But if it s a son of a mortal man he doesn t care Typhoios Typhon Fire breathing dragon Thetis is compared to Typhoios Metallurgy tools Men used fire to make tools Prometheus Unbound written by Aeschylus Aeschylus considers Zeus has an insecure abusive tyrant Kratos power Binatural god Zeus henchman since he is a tyrant king Bia binatural god of force Zeus henchmen since he is a tyrant king Okeanids ids mean daughters of They are the daughters of Okeanos oceans Okeanos god of the oceans Father of Okeanids Tries telling Prometheus that Zues isn t bad he s the king and he should listen to him Io Zeus transforms Io into a cow to stay hidden from Hera Zeus wife Hera finds out and sends a gadfly to sting the cow that is Io Background Reading 7 Prometheus Bound Athens Athens is a city state also known as the Greek polis Athens lost in a war with Sparta Agonistic Means competitive The Ancient Greek culture as a whole was intensely agonistic Tragedy tragedy seems to have been largely an Athenian invention Tragedy was a prominent aspect in Greek literature satyr play a Satyr play is a comic play involving satrys The stories upon which the plays were based were almost always mythological Trilogy a set of 3 pieces of work that are connected Aeschylus play Prometheus Bound was part of a trilogy of tragedies Sophocles Athenian tragedian His plays have survived Raven and Coyote Native American Raven and Coyote were Native American tricksters The Native Americans are the first to have oral stories rather than literary stories Raven Trickster god Raven creates the world and distributes the sun and moon to people Tlingit Pronounced klinkit The Tlingit people lived in Alaska and NW Canada Nass River Origin of Tlingit Thought that their people may have originaited around the Nass River Kit ka ositiyi qa Father of Raven Allows raven himself to create the world Petrel Spring Controls all the water and all the fog in the world at this spring Coyote western trickster Coyote is of the Klamath people Plays dice with thunder and is cheating to win Klamath Fire Thunder keeps fire in a big white rock Thunder has fire in a big white rock Throws it at Coyote to kill him but it ended up being only Coyote s skin Anansi West Africa Anasia was a west African trickster Most slaves sold in America came from West Africa they brought with them stories about Anansi Anansi spider Trickster god Stores about Anansi came from the slaves of West Africia Nyame Also called onyame Sky god Some scholars thing that Nyame and Anansi were the same Kweku Kwaku Anansi Anansi as a man Day name Kweku means born on Wednesday Mmoboro hornets Anansi pours water on the hornets nest and tells him it s raining and they need to take shelter in a hollowed out gourd he s holding The go in the gourd and he has them captured Onini Python Tricks python by measuring his length to a stick Ties him up and has him captured Osebo leopard Traps osebo in a hole tells him he d help him out but ties Osebos tail to a tree and kills him Okyeami linguist Anansi the spider is a symbol of linguist Baduasemanpensa Nyame s daughter Anyone who finds out her secret name can marry her Anansi finds out but the lizard says it and wins her hand in marriage Gilgamesh Unug Summerian city Sumerians were the first human civilizations in Mesopotamia Akkadian Akkadians came after the Sumerians and were heavily influenced by the Sumerians Uruk Same as Unug Uruk is Akkadian Bilgames He was Bilgames to the Sumerians But the Akkadians called him Gilgamesh Ninsun Goddess Mother of Gilgamesh Lugalbanda King and father of Gilgamesh Really special becomes a god upon his death Epic of Gilgamesh Babylonian story Gilgamesh is an arrogant king Belit ili Same person as Mami Nintu Creator goddess who forms Gilgamesh s body Enkidu the people of Uruk have had enough of the abusive king Giglamesh so Enkidu is created to be his equal Hairy
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