Exam 2 Review Sheet Titles and Cultures Atrahasis Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh including the story of Utnapishtim Babylonian Genesis Israelite Hebrew Anansi Myths Akan Ashanti The Theogony Hesiod Greek The Works and Days Hesiod Greek Prometheus Bound Aeschylus Greek Raven Myths Tlingit Coyote Myths Klamath Greek Heroes Heroines and Nymphs Greek Nixies Kelpies Mermaids Scandinavian German Welsh Scottish Grimms Fairy Tales German The Crow s Nest Hungarian The Rose Tree English The Tale of Tulisa Indian Cupid and Psyche Roman Review Terms flood hero The person who survives the flood Atrahasis Earliest flood myth older Sumerian version Babylonian Atrahasis was the extra wise king of Shuruppak favored of Ea Igigi led by Ellil have to do the work of the gods before humans were created Ellil Leader of the gods but beneath Marduk Decides to kill of the humans because they are too loud Ea decided to create humans out of Ilawela and clay also saves humans through addressing the reed hut that Atrahasis was standing behind and telling him how to survive the flood Ilawela god that was killed his blood and flesh was mixed with clay by Nintu in order to create humans Nintu Mother goddess creator of humans Shuruppak Town city that Atrahasis was king of Coracle a woven circular reed boat that Atrahasis and Utnapishtim use to survive the flood Utnapishtim Flood hero also King of Shuruppak Exceedingly wise Name means he found a life Was told to bring silver gold all living things and craftsmen onto the coracle Gains immortality after surviving Imhullu wind was used to create the world in the Enuma Elish but is now used to destroy it Mt Nimush Noah Genesis 6 9 flood hero builds an ark saves his immediate family and 2 of every type of animal Yahweh God in Bible sees the earth as corrupt except for Noah who is the only blameless man Sends the flood to cleanse the world Mt Ar arat Mountain that the ark lands on once the flood waters begin to recede trickster a clever figure who is often able to shape shift amoral deceitful a liminal figure and transforms themselves and the world around them liminal figure A figure who fails to fit neatly into a single category For example a demigod is part god and part mortal Akan West African people from whom we get the Anansi stories Anansi Trickster figure of the Akan Is a liminal figure who is a friend of the gods takes the form of a human at times and at other times the form of a spider Kweku Anansi Anansi s Day name Means born on Wednesday Onyame Nyame Sky god of the Akan ruler of the gods Also called Ananse Kokuroko or The Great Spider anansesem Akan name for stories or folktales Tales about Anansi are examples of anansesem okyeami An Akan linguist a linguist in the Akan culture would be a royal spokesman Baduasemanpensa The secret name of Onyame s daughter Anansi overhears the name and tells his friend Lizard but he tries to show off at the meeting by playing the name on the atumpan drum No one can tell what he s trying to say so Lizard tells everyone the name and is therefore allowed to marry Onyame s daughter Owoh The snake that Anansi borrows money from Anansi frames him for yam theft and claims to have a magic knife that only cuts thieves He uses the dull side of the blade on everyone else but the sharp side on Owoh killing him Owoh shows his belly to heaven when he dies which explains why snakes always turn over when they die Pandora Woman created by Zeus as a punishment for the human race She is formed by Hephaestus from earth Athena dresses her and teaches her the womanly arts and is married to Epimetheus Prometheus Son of the Titans Iapetos and Clymene is a clever trickster figure in Hesiod s Theogony He tricks Zeus into choosing the bones and gristle as the parts of the animal to burn for the gods and also steals fire for man Is punished by Zeus for stealing fire by being tied to a pole and an eagle eats his liver daily Epimetheus Husband of Pandora and one of the four sons of Iapetos and Clymene He is misguided and known more as an afterthought Zeus King of the gods storm god orders the creation of Pandora as punishment to all men for Prometheus giving them fire He orders Atlas to hold up the sky Epimetheus to marry Pandora and Prometheus to be chained and an eagle to eat his liver daily All to show that he is all powerful Hephaestus Also known as the Limping God only god who s form is not perfect He is the blacksmith of the gods fashions Pandora out of earth Athena Wise goddess woven cloth and the womanly arts fall under her sphere of influence She clothes Pandora and teaches her how to weave Works and Days Hesiod s second work contains advice for farmers and explains why humans have to work Stories in here differ slightly from those within Theogony Myth of Races A myth within Works and Days explaining how the human race became what it is today The first race was golden they had easy perfect lives and died only of extreme old age The second was of silver they were extremely foolish and never really grew up The third was the bronze race thought to be the Melian nymphs making humans descendents of nymphs and they were strong powerful and brutally violent The fourth race was heroes sort of like superior humans The fifth race was iron and was descendents of Greek heroes rather than a whole new creation by the gods They are the current race Aeschylus Greek man A great Athenian tragedian We attribute Prometheus Bound to him but he is probably not the author Prometheus Bound Myth of Prometheus crime He steals fire in a narthex stem also known as a fennel stem He is also a culture hero in that he teaches crafts to men Moirai The three goddesses that control both the fates of humans and the fates of gods Zeus cannot control them Clotho Spinner begins the thread of life Lachesis Apportioner of Lots determines length of life and Atropos Not Turning Away fearless and fearful cuts the thread and ends life Io originally a priestess of Hera Zeus wants to have sex with her but Hera is jealous and doesn t want him to so she turns Io into a cow and sets Argos 10 000 eyes to guard her Hermes kills Argos in his sleep so Hera sends the gadfly horse fly to continually bite Io and Argo s ghost to follow her around Io eventually runs near Prometheus and he tells her the prophecy of Zeus and Thetis Raven Tlingit trickster figure Has two catch phrases For the Raven And Caw He is amoral and is has a malleable body as seen when he looses his beak Tlingit First Nations people
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