Hist 1053/1/19Take sum total 50% give them to soldiers and farmers even though they sold their IOUS, Maddison – other 50% give to speculators who bought IOUS from the soldiers and farmers. Congress passes legislation, goes to Washington and is the bank constitutional. Alexander Hamilton says constitutional and gives point of necessary and proper clause of the Constitution. Suggests that in addition to explicit wording, congress can make any law that promotes the general welfare of the citizens. Flexible or expansive interpretation of the Constitution. Constitution must change and evolve to fit the current needs of the society. Thomas Jefferson; argued against the bank, limited/ restricted view of the constitution – useful and convenient to help promote the public good; Hamilton. Is it absolutely indispensable to society; Jefferson. Conflict over Hamilton’s plan of paying the old debt at full value and creating the bank where is he going to get the money. Hamilton says tax the people – exase tax, tax on a specific commodity – taxes moonshine. Product that almost all small farmers make. Putting tax on political enemies, test loyalty of the back-country farmers. Convince George Washington to send army. Mob federal tax workers kill a few tar and feather. Full-fledged rebellion in western Pennsylvania, army of10,000 is raised no confrontation. Whiskey rebels put on trial for treason but granted pardon. Jefferson was deeply offended by using military against citizens. A little rebellion waters the tree of freedom. As country got bigger and bigger it would be harder to control for the government. Starts off the two-party system in the America. No requirement of political parties but is grew out of reaction of Hamilton’s aggressive usage of governmental power. Jefferson and Maddison created party and in open opposition against Hamilton’s Federalists. Rise of Napoleon Boldapart 1789 – 1815 French Revolution. War between England and France, which side should we take. Hamilton with England and Jefferson with France. (Jefferson died had owed 25 million dollars.) Washington usually sided with Hamilton, but this time didn’t listen to either and decidedneutrality. Jays treaty of 1794, second treaty pigmy treaty with Spain agreed on southern boundary of the Untied States and usages of Mississippi river. France begins to seize ships, undeclared naval war against France and United States. President John Adams treaty with France John Marshal, go to Paris XYZaffair; Americans get to Paris and met by agents by French government, give check of ¼ million dollars and cost millions of dollars for treaty. Begin open warfare fear for reestablishment of colonial power of French in America. Feels threatened from within as well as outside. Large number of French immigrants that have been coming to America fleeing the French Revolution. Throw political support to Thomas Jefferson, would new French residents pose security problems with France. Alien and Sedation Act, Naturalization Act – Alien laws; gave president of the Untied States power to detain and arrest of any group/ individual immigrant that he feared might endanger safety of America. Sedition Act; anyone who criticized the US was guilty of high misdemeanor – go to jail and pay fines. Used against Jeffersonian
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