HIST 1056/10/13- New Englando Plymouth, 1620 Pilgrims or separating Puritans Church membership was importanto Boston, 1630 Massachusetts Bay Company or non-separating Puritans Grew rapidly (in 10 years had 10,000 people) Biblical Model for city Came in congregations and families Better gender ratio than Virginiao Interpretation Everything was caused by God from failure to success Became intolerant of other religions- Mary Dyer executed in Boston for being a Quaker Cities were built by the right of God Citizenship based on being member of congregation - had to have a conversion experienceo Stats Higher life expectancy of 65 Women were expected to be pregnant Men had to be married to receive land Church membership very important Not many African slaves until later High literacy rate from Bible readingo Chesapeake (to compare) Economic model with religious ideology Used headwright system unlike New England- Puritan Dilemmao Dissenters Intolerance led to people leaving and establishing their own cities Philadelphia became truly tolerant and grew because of ito Laws Low ranking members were not allowed to wear nice thingso Dilemma Since they are a breakaway that left England, a country that didn’t allow dissenters and differences, how can they govern intolerantly when that was why they left? Anne Hutchinson held meetings and Bible studies in her homeo Calvanism Predestination: You have a determined destination before birth to either heaven or hell and nothing you do on earth matters Anne Hutchinson attacked priests for not preaching calvanism Arminianism: Jacob Arminious fought predestination and said humans have power to change their entry into heaveno Winthrop Governor of Massachusetts Bay Company Fought Anne Hutchinson for going against priests Hutchinson was put on trial She claimed that she saw the light and human laws had no control over her Her claim became known as antinomian Left for Rhode Island and was killed by Indianso Later generations of New England Became more economically successful Predestination began falling aparto Toleration Act Forced New England colonies to permit others to practice their religion Established churches (government official) kept records- Church of England and Puritanso Half-way Covenant Enabled churches to keep going with reduced level of intensity Created to allow younger people without a conversion experience to joino Indians Were nice at first but grew tense when realized whites were there to stay Puritans would see losses and victories as Gods will Sold Indian captives to the Caribbean Wars would tend to unify the colonists Puritans fought adversity in england, when they moved to America adversity disappeared and they fell aparto Salem Witch Trials, 1692 First trial and execution in Connecticut 87 people accused of witchcraft, 32 executed, 24 in salem Witch trials happened in Europe as well Defined as someone who is possessed by the devil Most accused were women with no male connections- Widow with financial independence with chance to confront men Other women were most accusers Why it ended:- Governor’s wife was accused- The accusers were possessed by the accuse-ee (not
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