Which statement(s) about the land-labor ratio is/are TRUE?Answers:a. England had a surplus of land and a shortage of labor.b. England’s American colonies had a shortage of land and a surplus of labor.c. England’s American colonies had a surplus of land and a shortage of labor.d. England had a shortage of land and a surplus of labor.e. Both c. and d. are TRUE.Richard Hakluyt is best known for:Answers:a.being a proponent of empire who believed that England was falling behind other European nations by not establishing colonies in the New Worldb. leading the Dutch expedition that built fortified trading posts near the Hudson River and established the fur trade with native Americansc.settling a colonial dispute between Spain and Portugal by drawing a line and declaring that Portugal could claim lands to the east of the line and Spain lands to the west of itd. advancing the concept of economic determinism as expressed in his study of the finances of the framers of the U.S. ConstitutionIn the period we are studying, which is/are TRUE?Answers:a.England’s early efforts in the Americas (Newfoundland, 1583 and Roanoke Island, 1585) proved to be two of the most highly successful colonies in the New World.b.An early demonstration of the efficacy of slave-based plantation agriculture was the Portuguese production of sugar on Madeira, an island off the northwest coast of Africa.c. After indigenous Asian peoples crossed the “land bridge” to the Americas, they generally migrated southward and eastward.d. a. and b. are TRUE, but c. is FALSEe. b. and c. are TRUE, but a. is FALSEIn this course, we analyze history employing all characteristics except _____.Answers:a. culturalb. socialc. economicd. politicale. hypotheticalWhich of the following did NOT contribute to Hernán Cortés in conquering the Aztecs and Francisco Pizarro in conquering the Incas?Answers:a. smallpoxb. English alliesc. horsesd. indigenous (local) rivalse. firearmsIn the context of the mercantilist economic model, which of the following applies to imperial powers?Answers:a. They exported their excess production to colonial markets.b. They were able to take in hard currency in return for the goods they exported.c. They had to fund military forces to defend their empires.d. all of the aboveWithin the center-periphery model for studying empires, _____ decisions were typically madeat the center while _____ decisions were typically made at the periphery.Answers:a. pragmatic, strategicb. strategic, pragmaticc. ecclesiastical, strategicd. pragmatic, imperialWhich of the following statements about European exploration and the establishment of national empires are FALSE?I. Because the empire-building nations of Europe were all Christian, they cooperated with one another in establishing and maintaining New World colonies.II. Although the Spanish were active explorers in modern day Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, and South America, they did not venture north of the Rio Grande River or north of the southern coastline of the modern day United States.III. England was the first nation to establish a sizeable imperial presence in the New World.IV. Portugal – more than England, France or Spain – was known for early exploration southward around Africa’s Cape of Good Hope, then eastward to India and modern day Indonesia.V. The principal Portuguese presence in the Americas was in the region of South America that is modern day Brazil.Answers:a. I, II, III only are false.b. I, II, IV only are false.c. I, III, IV only are false.d. II, III, IV only are false.e. II, III, V only are falseFor the purpose of examining empires in the period we are studying, we can classify European nations as centers whereas we classify the New World as the periphery, the latter consisting of colonial centers and frontiers.Answers: TrueFalseBartolomé de las Casas was theAnswers:a. pope’s representative to the king of Portugalb. Spanish priest who condemned Spanish explorers’ cruel treatment ofindigenous peoplec. Spanish conquistador who conquered Florida for Spaind. first Portuguese explorer to round the tip of Africa and sail to IndiaOne of the functions of colonial Georgia was that it served as: 1) a NATIONAL boundary between _____ and _____; 2) a RELIGIOUS boundary between _____ and _____; 3) a GEOGRAPHIC boundary between _____ and _____.Answers:a. 1) a Dutch colony and a French colony; 2) Catholicism and Congregationalism; 3) Pennsylvania and Plymouthb. 1) a Spanish colony and an English colony; 2) Quakerism and Puritanism; 3) Florida and Louisiana c. 1) an English colony and a French colony; 2) Congregationalism and Anglicanism; 3) Maryland and Carolinad. 1) an English colony and a Spanish colony; 2) Protestantism and Catholicism; 3) Carolina and FloridaIn the video After the Mayflower, what led the Wampanoag to suspect that the Pilgrims who arrived in 1620 might be friendly?Answers:a. The Pilgrims seemed to share the Indians’ religious beliefs.b. The Pilgrims arrived with their women and children.c. The Pilgrims built praying towns where Indians could enjoy their traditional culture.d. The Pilgrims shot Indians only after giving them a fair trial.Which group was most likely to acquire land in North America and develop communities that resembled those in Europe?Answers:a. The Portugueseb. The Dutchc. The Spanishd. The EnglishIn ______, slavery increased rapidly here due to expansion of plantation agriculture producing rice and indigo.Answers:a. Plymouth Colonyb. Chesapeakec. Pennsylvaniad. Massachusetts Bay Colonye. CarolinaEstablished by royal charter in 1681, _____ was settled by a religious sect called Quakers.Answers:a. Chesapeakeb. Carolinac. Pennsylvaniad. Massachusetts Bay Colonye. Plymouth ColonyAs shown in the video After the Mayflower, the Wampanoag wanted English allies becauseAnswers:a. They wanted to increase their chances of moving into the English praying towns.b. The firearms they purchased from the Spanish were not reliable.c. The neighboring Narragansett were more powerful and could attack them at any time.d. Dutch settlers had taken over their best lands leaving them to rely on fishing to live.The Wampanoag and the English communicated through an interpreter – Squanto, a Native American who returned to New England after being kidnapped and sold as a slave in Europe.Answers: TrueFalseIn the world of North American colonial trade, the _____ are most closely associated with the St. Lawrence River Valley, the Great Lakes,
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