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TAMU HIST 105 - Key Terms Week 4

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Key Terms Week 4Coahuila y Tejas – The state under Mexican control that was half Texas and half CoahuilaRepublic of Texas – Revolution of 1836, joined the Union through Houston’s manipulationU.S.-Mexican War, 1846-1848 – Caused by Texas joining US, gained land from Texas to CaliforniaWilmot Proviso, 1846 – provision that halts slavery in Mexican obtained territory, Congress never approvedOregon Treaty, 1846 – Treaty with Britain that marked northern borderTreaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 1848 – Mexico ceded California for $15 millionSecond Great Awakening – Movement toward attaining heaven not predestinationBurned Over District – Area in New York during 2nd great awakening where everyone had convertedCharles Finney – Preached during Second Great Awakening for man’s free will and self-controltranscendentalism – transcending limits of intellect and allowing soul to control, beauty was importantRalph Waldo Emerson – Unitarian Minister then started transcendentalismHenry David Thoreau – another influential transcendentalist, wrote booksBronson Alcot – Teacher that influenced a new approach to teachingutopian movements – created by transcendentalists one example was Brook Farm, it failedthe "peculiar institution" – slavery, it was unique to the southKing Coton – With textile mills in Europe cotton became expensive especially with cotton ginplanters – similar to aristocrats in Europe, controlled economy 20+ slavessmall planters – from 10 to 20 slaves not as big as plantersyeomen – Typical white southern farmer, sometimes owned few slavesplain folk – Didn’t really own land, they worked for othersgang system vs. task system – gang: people went into field and just worked all day, task: task was given when it was complete slaves were donefree blacks in the south –Still around, just treated unfairly abolition – blacks first in antislavery, followed by QuakersAntelope case, 1825 – Court decided slavery was wrong but popular choice allowed itWilliam Lloyd Garrison & The Liberator, 1831 – antislavery paper, later joined people who don’t wear cottonAmerican Anti-Slavery Society, 1831 – created by Tappan, led to Antislavery conventionElijah Lovejoy, 1836 – first white martyr of antislavery, killed during attack on his antislavery pressAmistad case, 1839 – Slave mutiny, courts said slavery should be illegalWorld Anti-Slavery Congress, 1840 – A British convention where, ironically, girls couldn’t speakLucretia Mot – Another womens right activistElizabeth Cady Stanton – One of the women sent to worldwide antislavery conventionSarah and Angelina Grimke – Anti-slave activist sisters told antislavery was not for their gender, so they started womens rightsLydia Maria Child – activist for everyone’s rights and Unitarian Seneca Falls Convention, 1848 – First convention for women’s rightssouthern vs. northern religion and slavery – Southern religion split from northern over slavery. South though it was ok and north disagreed.Free Soil Party, 1848 – combination of anti-slavery democrats and whigswestward movement – caused by want for money and new landsManifest Destiny – Idea that it was the American destiny to take atlantic to pacific oceansOregon Trail – Trails to get to Organ territory from east to west multiple trails made to feed animalsGold Rush, 1849 – Stutter created fort in Sacramento and found Gold causing a rushMormon Trail & Deseret – Mormons attempted to leave US and when US gained land wanted to create new state of DeseretMountain Meadows – Attacks on Mountain train that forced US to get involvedDonner Party – Tried to get to California but was caught in Mountains and cannibalized Compromise of 1850 – attempted to settle all issues at onceFugitive Slave Act – put penalties and rewards on escaped slaves, for slave


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TAMU HIST 105 - Key Terms Week 4

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