Unit Three Study Guide TOPIC ONE PSYCHOLOGICAL DIORDERS were shunned How has our understanding of mental illness changed over time What are the three distinct models of mental illness During the Middle Ages people saw people with psychological disorders as abnormal and demonic model they attributed hearing voices talking to yourself and behaving oddly to the actions of evil spirits infesting the body treatments exorcisms During the Renaissance 1400s views of mental illnesses became more enlightened medical model people began to view it as a physical disorder requir asylums institutions for those with mental illnesses European gov ernments began to house these individuals here patients bound in chains treatments bloodletting draining of excessive blood snake pits ing medical treatment scaring patients out of their disease none worked some by placebo kindness and respect 1800s moral treatment those will mental illnesses treated with dignity Modern 1950s chlorpromazine Thorazine given to mental hospitals offered some deinstitutionalization due to this drug governments began to allow the release of patients into the community to return to work school families etc effective treatment for some symptoms of schizophrenia the good many patients returned to somewhat of a normal the bad many were not given proper follow up care got off institutionalizes rates dropped dramatically meds became homeless and wandered the streets life and their psychological disorders causes disfunction not able to work learn or socialize chemical imbalance different biology five things used to diagnose a psychological disorder are 1 abnormality statistical rarity deviant many mental disorders uncommon in the population you worry or should rule it out anxiety for others or the individual decides what is a mental disorder or not society but are still not disorders 5 biological dysfunction mental disorders result from break failures of biological systems ex schizophrenia af flaw just because schizophrenia is rare doesn t mean 2 subjective distress distressful the disorder is causing stress flaw not all psychological disorders generate distress 3 impairment dysfunctional interfere with someones ability to in everyday life destroys marriages friendships and flaw some conditions like laziness can also have these 4 societal disapproval culture what is socially acceptable soci flaw racism messiness and rudeness are undesirable function jobs results ety by downs or fects frontal lobes mental disorders do not all have one thing in common DSM 5 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders a book used to diagnose mental illnesses put together by a large group of experts from every field and they collectively put current research into the new updated versions al ways being updated used to diagnose if you have symptoms and then ac adopts a biopsychosocial approach acknowledges the interplay of flaw not all fall under this category ex phobias cording to this you have disorder biological psychological and social influences criticisms 1 categorical model you re either mentally ill or not no middle ground an example would be pregnancy you re either pregnant or you re not argued that mental disorders are not black and white they make this claim because it s hard to treat a spec example of this is want to trum disorders fit a degree intensity of the disorder an height people differ in height its not all or none 2 comorbidity 2 or more disorders ex depression and anxiety argued that they are not different disorders just slightly differ ent 3 tendency to medicalize normally diagnose someone with a mild dimensional model they differ in variations of the same condition case as ill shouldn t just to say he s just being a normal kid 4 argued that its becoming to normal 25 of people today have disorders if a kid is fiddling and shaking in class you oh he has ADHD get him some Ritalin DSM 5 is vulnerable to political and societal influence an example of this is when homosexuality was taken out in the 1970s science will weed out invalid disorders ANXIETY DISORDERS the fear or dread of future events opposite of depression which focuses on the past five anxiety disorders something of due to anxiety ing panic disorder the point won t leave their house duced from phobias easy to treat most 1 GAD generalized anxiety disorder free floating sense that 2 panic disorder comorbid with phobias and GAD sudden onset extreme anxiety causes panic attacks physical problems someone can have panic attacks without hav 3 phobia extreme level of fear taking fear to the next level to for 30 years panic attacks are in where it impairs your life example people who is going to go wrong difficult to treat video http www kcchiefs com media center videos NFL Films P common resents Horsin Around With Eric Berry ab946ef9 a6b5 6209af84980f 4 PTSD post traumatic stress disorder also called shell shock flashbacks aggression inability to a41f 417d battle tary symptoms include sleep etc the greater the amount of chance level of PTSD ex 9 11 robbery sexual battle rape the biggest predictor of whether someone will velop PTSD is the level of tram experienced fatigue extends to all sorts of trauma not just mili trauma the greater assault de 5 OCD obsessive compulsive disorder two components 1 obsession and 2 compulsion anxiety is related to being obsessed with health compulsion the obsession ex reduced the anxiety ex washing hands this is negative reinforce ment washing hands takes away anxiety of germs the person is more likely to repeat this behavior Somatoform disorder also known as Briquet s syndrome or somatic symptom disorder matoform of the body mental illnesses that cause bodily symptoms including pain the result of substance abuse or another mental illness 1 hypochondriasis illness anxiety excessive illness concerns common pains or coughs causes fear of a brain tumor 2 conversion disorder psychological symptom takes a psycho physical symptoms loss of enjoyment energy excessive cognitive symptoms constantly thinking of all the bad things symptoms can t be traced back to any physical cause and are not two types of somatoform disorders when etc logical form MOOD DISORDERS most prevalent more people have mood disorders than any other Major Depressive Disorder ongoing current disabling most MDD episodes go away on their own which makes it hard to diagnose and treat sleep crying that happen to you situational depression all of us get sad when sad things happen not
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