General Psychology Exam 3 Study Guide Chapter 5 Life Span Development 1 What is developmental psychology 2 Be familiar with the major milestones of infant motor development and when they occur 3 Know the 4 stages of development of Piaget s stages of cognitive development sensorimotor preoperational concrete operational and formal operational a know the order in which these stages occur as well as what occurs during each of the stages 4 Know the two ways in which we use schemas assimilation and accommodation 5 What is attachment 6 What are the three types of parenting styles 7 What is self regulation and why is having good self regulation important 8 Adolescence begins with what milestone 9 Be familiar with Erikson s stages of psychosocial development While I do not expect you to memorize each one I do want you to be familiar with the stages that occur from adolescence through late adulthood 10 What is self concept and how does one acquire a self concept 11 Be familiar with the developmental changes of self concept 12 What is identity What is social identity 13 What is intimacy And how and when does it develop 14 Describe Kohlberg s Stages of Moral Development 15 Know how memory changes with age 16 Know how intelligence changes with age Chapter 8 Memory 1 What are the three types of memory a What is sensory memory b What is short term memory Also be familiar with working memory and it s capacity c What is long term memory 2 Be familiar with the three stages of memory encoding storage and retrieval as well as what occurs during each stage a What are the methods of effortful encoding b What is the serial position effect c In regards to storage what is the capacity of short term memory vs long term memory 3 Retrieval a What is the difference b w recall and recognition b What is the difference between explicit vs implicit retrieval c What is the definition of encoding specificity d What is the mood dependent memory principle 4 Errors a What is interference b What is schema driven memory c Be able to describe the misinformation effect d What are source monitoring errors 5 What is the difference between anterograde amnesia vs retrograde amnesia 6 What are some good memory enhancing strategies Chapter 10 Intelligence 1 What is the textbook definition of intelligence and describe the debate over how we should define intelligence 2 Know the three main controversies regarding intelligence 3 Who came up with the idea of general intelligence and what is general intelligence 4 Describe Gardner s multiple intelligences and Sternberg s triarchic they of intelligence 5 What is the difference between aptitude and achievement tests 6 What is mental age and who came up with this term Also be familiar with how Terman and Stern modified the concept of mental age 7 What is standardization and how is it used to identify people with mental retardation or giftedness 8 What is the difference between reliability and validity 9 How can we assess if an intelligence test is fair 10 Does genetics influence intelligence What about our environment Or is it both 11 What is stereotype threat What do we know about race and intelligence testing 12 How stable are intelligence test scores over the life span Chapter 11 Motivation 1 What is motivation 2 What is the basic premise of the instinct theory of motivation And what is the problem with this theory 3 What is the drive reduction theory And what is homeostasis 4 What is the optimum arousal theory 5 Know Maslow s hierarchy of needs and the criticisms of this hierarchy 6 What are the three most common types of motivation 7 What physiological factors produce hunger 8 What psychological and cultural factors influence hunger skip pages 455 464 9 What is the difference between anorexia and bulimia 10 Do hormones influence sexual motivation 11 How do internal and external stimuli influence sexual motivation skip pages 469 478 12 What evidence points to our human need to belong And what are the risks of a failed feeling of belongingness 13 What is the role of industrial organizational psychologists Chapter 9 Thinking and language 1 What are the structural components of language 2 What are the milestones in language development 3 How do we learn language How does the nature vs nurture controversy relate to language development 4 What brain areas are involved in language processing 5 What is the relationship between thinking and language 1 Developmental Psychology studies physical cognitive and social changes across the Study Guide Answers Chapter 5 life span 2 Major Milestones of infant motor development a Rolling Over 2 to 5 months b Sitting up 5 to 8 months c Standing pulling self up 6 to 10 months d Walk 11 to 14 months 3 Piaget s Four Stages of Cognitive development in order a Sensorimotor 0 to 2 yrs Child develops separation anxiety i Exploring the world ii Object Permanence is nonexistent 1 Ex Peek a boo when you hide your face to babies they think you are gone iii Stranger Anxiety 1 Parents leave babies start to cry b Preoperational 2 to 6 yrs Pretend play develops i Lack logical reasoning ii Lack concept of conversation cannot distinguish between appearance and amount They think the taller or larger appearance is more iii Egocentrism they think the world is about them Children have inability to take other people s perspective Occurs at beginning of this stage iv Theory of Mind the ability to take other people s perspective Occurs at the end of this stage 1 The understanding that other s have beliefs desires and intentions that are different from one s own 2 Typically develops between the age of 3 and 5 yrs c Concrete operational 7 to 12 yrs Add subtract functions develop d Formal Operational 12 yrs to adulthood Abstract hypothetical thinking occurs 4 Schemas a Assimilation b Accommodation i i When individuals assimilate they incorporate the new experience into an already existing framework without changing that framework Is the process of reframing one s mental representation of the external world to fit new experiences Accommodation can be understood as the mechanism by which failure leads to learning when we act on the expectation that the world operates in one way and it violates our expectations we often fail but by accommodating this new experience and reframing our model of the way the world works we learn from the experience of failure or others failure 5 Attachment is an emotional tie with another person 6 Four Types of Parenting styles a Permissive b
View Full Document
Unlocking...