SPEAKING AND LISTENING Speaking relies on decision making o The Goal of Speaking the audience understands How do we facilitate this understanding Fluency o Repetition Lexical Syntactic Lexical Entrainment Effect Conscious awareness Structural Priming Unconscious awareness o Double negatives o Passive voice o Nested structures o Ambiguity Comprehension is aided by fluent speech disruptions hurt comprehension Reading becomes automatic Nonhuman communication and Bilingualism Animal species differ in complexity and type of communication o Scent visual vocal Geared towards mating and aggression Attempts have been made to teach nonhumans our language mixed results Humans are unique in complex and sophisticated language o o Syntax Takes animals thousands of trials to learn
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