PPE 3003 1st Edition Lecture 21 Outline of Last Lecture I Culture and Personality II Evoked Culture III Transmitted Culture IV Culture Universals Outline of Current Lecture I Limitations II Three Research Methods in Personality Psychology III Big Five Personality Traits IV Formula for Behavior V Interesting Findings VI Needs for Motives VII Future Directions Current Lecture A Limitations a Personality is a topic that s just too large to hold in the mind at once Charles Carver b Personality is about studying broad patterns and averages c Used to be about the whole picture i Freud took examples from his patients and applied them to the rest of the world d Now a lot more of asking specific questions B Three Research Methods in Personality Psychology C D E F a Correlational i Does one thing correlate with another ii Correlation does not mean causation b Experimental i Experiment design ii Observation in a lab or out in the real world c Case study i On one single individual ii Was once very popular iii Freud used this iv Has validity issues Big Five Personality Traits a Openness to experience Intellect b Conscientiousness c Agreeableness d Neuroticism e Extraversion f Remember OCEAN Formula for Behavior a B f P x S b Three types of personality times the social interaction i Situation selection ii Evocation iii Manipulation Interesting Findings a Estimating frontal brain asymmetry i Ask thought provoking question ii If people look right then they may have a left sided bias 1 Susceptibility to positive emotions iii If people look left then they may have a right sided bias 1 Susceptibility to negative emotions b Using 2D4D as an estimate of testosterone level i Which finger is longer your ring finger or index finger 1 Divide length of ring finger by length of index finger ii High 2D 4D ratio 1 Index finger is longer 2 Lower levels of testosterone 3 Most females iii Low 2D 4D ratio 1 Ring finger is longer 2 Higher levels of testosterone 3 Varies in men Needs and Motives a Big Three Motives i Achievement 1 Need to succeed ii Power 1 Need to be in control over others iii Intimacy 1 Need to have close and intimate relationships iv It is the process of satisfying needs that is pleasurable not the absence of needs G Future Directions a There is a push to integrate knowledge from various areas of research i Neuroscience developmental psychology anthropology
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