PPE 3003 Lecture 4 Levels of explanation 01 24 2015 Proximate why does it happen here now o People tend to give proximate explanation for behavior Ultimate Why does it happen at all o the why behind the why o evolutionary psychologists put emphasis on this level o examples o why do people have sex Proximate it s fun it feels good Ultimate to make babies o What would be an evolutionary explanation for Universal emotion language barriers Males and females similar where they have faces similar adaptive Sex differences problems o Example FSU Study Swear glands all need to regulate temperature What it takes for a man to have a child vs what it takes for a woman to have a child o Clark Hatfield 1989 o Confederates act like participating in study approached people of opposite sex Hi I ve been noticing you and I think you re attractive will you date me will you come back to my apartment with me Will you have se with me Men reacted a lot better than women but they reacted the same to the first question From an evolutionary standpoint Men take every chance to reproduce Women are more cautious because it rakes longer and they need to be careful about their choices Parental investment theory Trivers 1972 o Consequences of sex Women Rewards offspring Costs 9 months vulnerability split resources Men Rewards offspring Costs 5 minutes o Best for man short term mating strategy o Best for woman long term what is best from an evolutionary standpoint is not always what works in real world Considerations about Evolutionary Psychology Sparse knowledge of ancestral environments Our adaptations are tailored to a different environment than our current environment aggression intergroup aggression o Example be scarce We like eating high calorie food because food used to What was adaptive in the past s not necessarily now Sexual behavior is also greatly affected by culture not just by evolution 01 24 2015 01 24 2015
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