PPE 3003 1st Edition Lecture 1 Outline of Current Lecture I. Personality DefinedII. TraitsIII. MechanismsIV. Personality AnalysisV. TIPI TestCurrent LectureA. Personality Defineda. The set of psychological traits and mechanisms within the individual that are organized and relatively enduring and that influence his or her interactions with, and adaptations to, the environment (including the intrapsychic, physical, and social environment)B. Traitsa. Definition: A unique set of consistent emotional, cognitive, and behavioral dispositions or tendenciesi. How you typically feel, think, and actii. The WHAT of personalityiii. How people are different from each otherb. Useful because:i. Describer peopleii. Explain behavioriii. Predict future behaviorC. Mechanismsa. The HOW of personalityi. How does personality affect behavior?b. Three Main Partsi. Inputs (or Attention)1. Becoming more sensitive to certain informationii. Decision Rules (or Available Options)1. More likely to think about specific optionsiii. Outputs (or Actual Behavior)1. Guide behavior to certain kinds of events or actionsc. Personality is influenced by personality, the environment and your behaviorD. Personality Analysisa. Human Naturei. How we are “like all others”ii. Personality traits and mechanisms possessed by nearly everyoneb. Individual & Group Differencesi. Individual Differences1. Ways in which each person is like/different from some other peoplea. Ex: being high or low in sensation seeking (sky diving?)ii. Group Differences1. How people differ across groupsa. Ex: cultural differences, age differencesc. Individual Uniquenessi. How we are “like no others”ii. Everyone has unique qualities not share by any other person1. Even twins have exact same DNA but different personalitiesE. TIPI Testa. Ten-Item Personality Inventoryb. The Big Fivei. Opennessii. Conscientiousnessiii. Agreeablenessiv. Neuroticism (Emotional Stability)v. Extraversionc. Scale 10 questions (each with 2 adjectives) as to how closely you think they describe youi. 1 to 7 with 7 being most like youd. Reverse Scorei. Add to the maximum point on the scale ii. Subtract the initial score from that number e. Bell Curvei. Standard Deviation 1. 2%, 14%,
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