PPE 3003 1st Edition Lecture 11 Outline of Last Lecture I Evolution and Natural Selection II Natural Selection III Sexual Selection IV Evolutionary Psychology V Clark and Hatfield FSU 1989 Outline of Current Lecture I Sex differences II Individual Differences III Review Current Lecture A Sex differences a Men tend to be more variable i Human ancestors were about 67 female and only 33 male 1 Not for all of the Big Five Traits b Last version of FSU study was 1999 and has been replicated by others but not again at FSU c This study was raw some people were in relationships others were single it was random B Individual differences a Environmental triggers i Psychological adaptation will only manifest itself if the environment allows it ii Ex no embarrassment if raised by wolves b Trait contingencies i Psychological adaptation will only manifest itself if the trait is backed up and it matches up with physical attribution ii Ex aggressive style more advantageous is paired with physical strength iii Ex the muscle behind the mob proves himself when he gets aggressive even if he is a relatively tiny guy c Frequency Dependent Differences i Ex just the right number of psychopaths 1 If too many psychopaths then not helpful to be one also 2 If none in a population would be helpful because you could fill that niche d Balancing selection i Process through which genetic variation is maintained because different levels of traits are best for different environments 1 In some circumstances being a psychopath is useful and sometimes not a Hannibal Lector was locked up with a mask and not able to reproduce b Other example of psychopath who was rich and smooth C Review a Chapter 6 i Hierarchy of genome 1 Genome is 26 chromosome pairs which is made up of DNA ii Environmentality is opposite of heritability iii If heritability for height is 90 then 10 of the variance is due to the environment b Chapter 7 i Phineas Gage video 1 Pole in head became a mean guy and personality changed ii Eysenck s 1 Know both theories 2 First theory a Introverts and extroverts have different level of baseline arousal 3 New theory a Introverts are more reactive to stimulation b Different starting levels of baseline arousal iii Dopamine feeling good iv Norepinephrine reward dependence v Abnormal serotonin metabolism can affect harm avoidance anxiety vi Shorter circadian rhythm are morning people who reach arousal level peak earlier in the day vii Longer circadian rhythm are evening people who reach arousal level peak later in the day c Chapter 8 i Conducive genes to the population will get passed on ones that are harmful or not helpful will die off ii Trait can be bad for survival but good for sexual reproduction and will still get passed on iii Can be difficult to tell difference between spandrel and an adaptation
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