General Psychology PSY2012 05 September 26 2011 Monday Loudness amplitude measured in decibels Pitch frequency measured in Hertz Frequency Theory Low Pitch the way that you hear pitch which is related to frequency the b membrane in your ear vibrates at the same frequency as the sound AKA Whole Basilar membrane vibrates at the same frequency as the sound this triggers NEURAL IMPULSES to the brain at SAME RATE AS SOUND WAVES Different sound waves trigger different activity in different locations of the Basilar s membrane Place Theory High Pitch BOTH THEORIES WORK TOGETHER Two Types of Hearing Loss Sensorineural Hearing Loss Vision Acuity sharpness Vision Rods Cones Conductive hearing loss Occurs when sound isn t conducted efficiently like if you have ear ache Caused by damage to the Cochlea s receptor cells or the auditory nerves Most common type of hearing loss Nearsightedness DISTANT objects focus IN FRONT of the retina NEAR objects seen more clearly Farsightedness Nearby objects focus BEHIND the retina FAR AWAY objects seen more clearly Rods receptor cells associated with black white vision Located at the periphery of the retina Cones Receptor cells associate with COLOR vision Located at the fovea of the retina Theories of Color Vision Trichromatic theory Young Helmholtz Opponent processes theory by Hering You can create any color by combining light waves of 3 colors red green blue We have 2 additional color processes Red vs Green Blue vs Yellow Afterimages Vision Feature Detection Smell Olfaction Nerve cells in the brain respond to specific features of a stimulus Edges shape angle movement Different areas of your brain respond to different items Chemical sense Molecules in the air reach our olfactory receptor cells which last 30 60 days Olfactory neurons are unique in that they are the only neurons that link directly to the brain Sense of smell decreases with age Pheromones Perfumes Colognes etc Women can synchronize their cycles Doesn t make you sexually attractive Men and women filled out tedious paperwork for 2 hours Women maintained a positive mood after exposure Men s mood deteoriated after exposure to pheromones Taste gustation Taste is a chemical sense like smell Taste buds catch food chemicals 200 taste buds Every week or two new taste buds Reproduce themselves Sensitivity decreases as you get older 5 tastes sensations sweet sour salty bitter savory umami Touch Skin sense May be the most important sense A mix of skin senses pressure warmth cold pain
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