Brain and Nervous System Study Guide Questions 1. What is the most complex thing in the universe? 2. What is the nervous system composed of? 3. What type of cells support neurons? 4. How much does the brain weigh? 5. What hemisphere of the brain deals with language and mathematical tasks? 6. What do more ridges and crevices mean relative to intellectuality? 7. Is the intellectual capacity related to the brain size to body ratio or just brain size? 8. What do MRI and PET acronyms for? What is the difference? 9. Are the amounts of neurons you are born with the amount you are stuck with? 10. The Brain contains neurons and glial cells? True/False 11. Label12. How many lobes does the cerebrum have? Name them and list their functions. 13. What are the functions of the cerebellum? 14. What are the functions of the pons? 15. What does the Medulla Oblongata control? 16. Do all nerve fibers that communicate between the brain and spinal cord pass through the medulla Oblongata? 17. Damage to the occipital lobe would most likely be expressed as what? 18. What are the qualities of a left brained person? A right brained person? 19. What is the Corpus Callosum? 20. What is released in response to an action potential? 21. What neuron does the “talking” and what neuron does the “listening” ?22. Where are vesicles stored? 23. Explain Inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters? 24. Match 25. Describe the following biogenic amines, Epinepherine, norepinephrine, Dopamine, serotonin, gasses, opiates, Peptides and Lipids. The primary excitatory transmitter in the central nervous system. The primary inhibitory transmitter in the central nervous system. Major inhibitory transmitter in the brainstem and spinal cord. GABA$$$$$$Glutamate$$$$Glycine$26. What are the brains natural pain relievers? 27. Label the sclera, cornea, Iris, pupil, lens, optic nerve, retina and fovea $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$28. $What$is$the$path$of$light$order?$ 29. What are rods? What are cones? 30. Name the 3 small bones in the ear. 31. What is the cochlea? 32. What is the path of sound in the auditory system?33. Where are sensory receptors located for gustation? 34. What are the five categories of taste? 35. What is declarative memory and non-declarative memory? 36. What does short-term memory involve? 37. What does long term memory involve 38. What type of memory do people with Amnesia have trouble with? 39. Damage to what area of the brain would impair speaking and comprehending a language? 40. What is Broca aphasia? 41. When do dreams occur?42. What is repaired in Non-REM sleep? 43. Describe the Reticular activating system. 44. What part of the nervous system is triggered by stress and what is released? 45. What is the neuroendocrine system? 46. Can Drug abuse alter the structure and chemical makeup of the brain? 47. What is the relation between abused drugs and neurotransmitters? 48. What is in the ventral tegmental area? 49. What neurotransmitters does alcohol affect? 50. How does crack cocaine enter the body? 51. What receptors does nicotine act through? And what does it stimulate?52. What is the active ingredient in alcoholic drinks? 53. What does marijuana distort? 54. What is the active ingredient in Marijuana?55. Marijuana has THC as the active ingredient, activates the cannabinoid receptor, can interfere with short term memory, may be useful in treatment of eating disorders, nausea, and chronic pain. True or False? 56. What do Cannabinoid receptors normally bind to? 57. Opiates cause Euphoria by increasing the amount of what? 58. Name some club drugs. Describe them. 59. What happens during a stroke? 60. What are some symptoms of Alzheimer’s? 61. What is Parkinson’s characterized by? 62. What is Huntington’s disease caused by? 63. What is a phobia? 64. Describe bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and OCD.Brain$and$Nervous$System$Study$Guide$Answers$1. The$Human$Brain$2. It$is$composed$of$neurons$that$conduct$impulses.$$3. Glial$cells$that$support$the$neurons.$4. The$Brain$weighs$3$pounds.$5. The$left$hemisphere$6. The$ridges$and$crevices$become$more$frequent$in$higher$intellectual$animals.$7. The$intellectual$capacity$is$related$to$the$brain$size$body$ratio.$8. MRINmagnetic$resonance$imaging$uses$magnets$to$make$serial$sections$of$the$brain.$PETN$positron$emission$topography$is$used$for$examining$attention,$memory,$and$neurological$disorders.$9. No,$neural$stem$cells$create$new$neurons.$10. $True$11. $ 12. There are four lobes. Frontal lobe- Voluntary motor control, personality, concentration, planning, decision-making. Parietal lobe- Interpretation of somatesthetic sensations (cutaneous and muscle) Expression of thoughts into words, interpretation of textures and shapes. Temporal lobe- Interpretation of auditory sensations, memory of auditory and visual experiences, allows you to connect the sounds of someone’s voice with their face and language. Occipital lobe- Perception of vision, correlation of vision with previous visual experiences (allows you to recognize something even if you haven’t seen it before, i.e. seeing a rocking chair for the first time and knowing it’s a chair). $13. The$cerebellum$controls$motor$learning$and$proper$timing$and$force$of$limb$$$$$$$movements.$$14. The$pons$regulates$breathing$and$is$a$source$of$cranial$nerves.$$15. The$medulla$oblongata$controls$breathing,$heart$rate$and$blood$pressure.$$16. Yes$$17. $Visual$impairment$$18. Left$brainedN$good$with$math,$calculations,$and$language.$Right$brainedN$good$with$music,$shapes,$maps$$19. The$corpus$callosum$is$a$bundle$of$axons$that$connect$the$right$and$left$hemispheres$and$allows$for$intraNhemispheric$communication.$$20. Neurotransmitters$$21. The$pre$synaptic$does$the$talking$and$the$postsynaptic$does$the$listening.$$22. In$the$synaptic$terminal$$23. InhibitoryN$reduce$the$probability$the$postsynaptic$neuron$will$ fire$ an$action$potential.$ExcitatoryN$Increase$the$probability$the$postsynaptic$neuron$will$fire$an$action$potential.$$24. Match$$$The primary excitatory transmitter in the central nervous system. The primary inhibitory transmitter in the central nervous system. Major inhibitory transmitter in the brainstem and spinal cord. GABA$$$$$$Glutamate$$$$Glycine$25. Epinepherine- Otherwise known as adrenaline.Released by the adrenal glands in response to “flight or fight” situations. Increases heart rate, blood pressure,
View Full Document
Unlocking...