ANTH 1102 1ST Edition Lecture 15 Outline of Last Lecture I. Until 10 KYA, we were all “pure” foragersII. Paleolithic Era III. Modern foraging is nothing like foraging in the PaleolithicIV. The “Neolithic Revolution:” Origins of AgricultureV. Global Human DiasporaVI. Peopling of the AmericasVII. Changes in the MesolithicVIII. Origins of Agriculture: Neolithic RevolutionsIX. DomesticationX. Evidence of Early DomesticationOutline of Current Lecture XI. Native Americans vs. ArcheologistsXII. Studying the BonesXIII. ConclusionCurrent LectureFilm “Bones of Contention” Native Americans vs. Archeologists:- 1976, the 1st law in America was passed protecting Indian Burial sites- Consequence: Archeology is crippled by this law- Native Americans argue that, “People have the right to stay buried”- Wanted all previous bones that had been collected by archeologists to be returned to tribes- The Smithsonian Agrees to do this in 1989 However, they lost a very valuable databaseThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. And reburying the bones would be like reburying the pastStudying the bones:- Remains were collected from mounds before the law was passed- Tried to figure out level of intelligence between races by skull structure In return, 4,000 skulls were collected for study- The bones had genetic markers, so they could be determined as Native American Determined tribe by skulls in order to send remains back to tribes The native Americans disapproved: they were angry at “scientific relationships;” rather, they would uses their senses to determine it- Through paleopathology, the bones were able to “retell stories” by bone diseases Tracing the origin and transmission of diseases Ex. Native Americans that lived by the Tennessee river were found to have signs of rheumatoid arthritis Looked at ancient bacteria Help address current help problems Lakota still see no benefit in doing this- Bones were also the clues to how Native Americans spread across the continent The remains could allow archeologists to understand migratory paths taken by Natives into North America through tracing genetic defects visible in bones Native Americans disregarded the idea of migration; they believed they were created on their land Conclusion:- The film contrasts the disparate ideas of the Indians and some archaeologists- However, some archaeologists have chosen to uphold Native Americans rights Some study of remains to allow Native peoples to reclaim important parts of their history; the bones were studied, scientists offered their results in a beneficial form to the tribe, then the remains were reverently buried- There is an emotional impact on the Native American descendants when the burials are being dug up and inspected- Main three perspectives: Scientists that argue the bones comprise important scientific data advantageous to Native Americans and their history; must be preserved Native Americans who disregard the scientific way of thinking and do not want to allow their ancestors to be apart of a scientific study; want their ancestors reburied Others who advocate for science, but do things in respect of Native American
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