ANTH 1102 1ST Edition Lecture 23 Outline of Last Lecture I Definitions II Karl Polanyi III Kula Ring IV The myth of barter Graeber 2011 V Scheme of reciprocities Outline of Current Lecture VI The Nature of Political Power Earle 1997 VII Types of Societies classified by characteristics of governance VIII Gaining and Maintaining IX Ongka s Big Moka X Questions for video Current Lecture How do Leaders Come About The Nature of Political Power Earle 1997 Authority Right and responsibility to lead Recognized by a social group People obey and follow willingly Leader has mastery over others Backed by threat coercive An unequal social relation Power These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Control Ability to determine access to resources that can establish power over others Examples Military land water information Types of Societies classified by characteristics of governance State Formal bureaucratic institutions sovereign territorial economic specialization centralized and hierarchical governance Chiefdom Territorial economic specialization tribute hierarchical governance centralized leadership based on ascribed status heredity seniority ritual authority Segmentary Society De centralized governance subsistence production leadership based on ascribed status kinship or seniority or achieved status Ex Big Man Societies Gaining and Maintaining Gaining and maintaining political power in Chiefdoms involves Social relationships kinship descent Economic power control resources Military power Ideological power Gaining and maintain achieved leadership role in Segmentary societies Cultivate social relations not economic military or ideological power Ongka s Big Moka Big Man Leadership Authority is achieved Authority must be constantly maintained Social process constant effort Accumulating wealth to give it away Moka similar to Kula Authority can be lost Questions for video 1 Why is Ongka a Big Man Leader Good speaking skills ability to persuade and lead 2 What is the relationship between the practice of Moka and maintaining status Status is obtained thru Moka Need pigs to marry Moka is given then repaid with interest The bigger the gift the better the status one establishes 3 What forms of reciprocity balanced generalized negative are demonstrated in the film Assembling gift of pigs for another tribe Moka is a generalized reciprocity
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