ANTH 1102 1ST Edition Lecture 23 Outline of Last Lecture I. DefinitionsII. Karl PolanyiIII. Kula RingIV. The myth of barter (Graeber 2011)V. Scheme of reciprocitiesOutline of Current Lecture VI. The Nature of Political Power Earle (1997)VII. Types of Societies, classified by characteristics of governanceVIII. Gaining and MaintainingIX. Ongka’s Big MokaX. Questions for videoCurrent LectureHow do Leaders Come About? The Nature of Political Power Earle (1997):- Authority Right and responsibility to lead Recognized by a social group People obey and follow willingly- Power Leader has mastery over others Backed by threat; coercive An unequal social relationThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Control Ability to determine access to resources that can establish power overothers Examples: Military, land, water, informationTypes of Societies, classified by characteristics of governance:- State: Formal bureaucratic institutions, sovereign, territorial; economic specialization; centralized and hierarchical governance- Chiefdom: Territorial; economic specialization; tribute; hierarchical governance; centralized leadership based on ascribed status (heredity; seniority; ritual authority)- Segmentary Society: De-centralized governance; subsistence production; leadership based on ascribed status (kinship or seniority) or achieved status Ex. Big Man Societies Gaining and Maintaining:- Gaining and maintaining political power in Chiefdoms involves: Social relationships (kinship, descent) Economic power (control resources) Military power Ideological power- Gaining and maintain achieved leadership role in Segmentary societies:Cultivate social relations, not economic, military, or ideological powerOngka’s Big Moka:- “Big Man” Leadership- Authority is achieved - Authority must be constantly maintained Social process; constant effort Accumulating wealth to give it away (Moka similar to Kula)- Authority can be lostQuestions for video:1. Why is Ongka a Big Man Leader? Good speaking skills; ability to persuade and lead2. What is the relationship between the practice of Moka and maintaining status? Status is obtained thru Moka Need pigs to marry Moka is given then repaid with interest The bigger the gift the better the status one establishes3. What forms of reciprocity (balanced, generalized, negative) are demonstrated in the film? Assembling gift of pigs for another tribe (Moka) is a generalized
View Full Document
Unlocking...