BIOLOGY 262, FALL 2004 – KEY EXAMINATION #3 (PART 1) Name Key Date MULTIPLE CHOICE.For the following multiple choice questions circle the letter in front of the response that best answers the question or completes the sentence. (20%, 2% each) 1. Which of the following is FALSE about science? a. It is a philosophy. b. It is based on sense experience. c. It requires an assumption of order in the universe. d. It requires empirical evidence. e. None of the above. (All are true.) 2. Which of the following is TRUE about a member of Phylum Lycophyta? a. It produces flowers. b. It produces pollen in cones. c. It produces seeds in fruit. d. It produces spores in sori. e. None of the above. (All are false.) 3. As described in The Evolution Explosion Flemming discovered the antibiotic penicillin by… a. conducting clinical trials of penicillin. b. examining competition among soil bacteria. c. inadvertently curing a skin infection when working with penicillin. d. observing a mold inhibiting growth in a bacterium on a Petri dish. 4. A bacterium that obtains its energy from light and its carbon from carbon dioxide is a…. a. chemoautotroph. b. chemoheterotroph. c. photoautotroph. d. photoheterotroph. e. None of the above 5. Which of the following is when a bacterium takes in DNA from the environment around the bacterium? a. binary fission b. conjugation c. transcription d. transformation e. None of the above 6. Which of the following is TRUE about anthophyte gametophytes? a. They are the dominant generation. b. They make gametes by meiosis. c. They make spores by meiosis. d. They undergo photosynthesis. e. None of the above (All are false.) 7. Which of the following is the Kingdom to which the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana belong? a. Alveolata b. Euglenozoa c. Fungi d. Stramenopila e. None of the above 8. Which of the following is the Kingdom to which the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae belongs? a. Alveolata b. Euglenozoa c. Fungi d. Stramenopila e. None of the above 9. If a population of 50,000 is undergoing logistic growth with a yearly intrinsic rate of increase of 0.10, and a carrying capacity of 100,000 then what is the size of the population after 2 years? a. 2500 b. 5000 c. 10500 d. 52500 e. 55000 = the closest to 54993 10. In a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, if the frequency of BB is 0.16, then what is the frequency of bb? a. 0.04 b. 0.20 c. 0.32 d. 0.36 e. None of the aboveFILL-IN-THE-BLANK.For the following exercises write the appropriate word or words in the available space, sketch, or label as appropriate. (10%) 1. In the space below sketch and label a “typical” eukaryotic cell. Be certain to label at least four things. (5%) cell wall nucleus e.r plasma membrane mito- chondrion vacuole chloroplast 2. Name one plant phylum that has seeds but does NOT have flowers? Coniferophyta OR Ginkgophyta(1%) 3. Label a derived characteristic for each of the indicated branches below. (3%) Archaezoa Euglenozoa Other Eukaryotes C B A a. nucleus OR eukaryotic cell, etc. b. mitochondria c. sex (meiosis and fertilization) 4. What shape term best describes each bacterium below. (2%) bacillus helical OR spirochete DEFINITIONS.For the following BIOLOGICAL words or phrases define them as accurately and concisely as possible. (20%, 4% each) 1. Fruit: a mature ovary OR carpel tissue surrounding seeds OR a flowering plant structure containing seeds that helps disperse the seeds 2. Hyphae (singular = hypha): fungal filament one cell thick OR thread-like fungal cells 3. Natural selection: Differential reproduction based on differences in inherited characteristics (that interact with the environment) OR Differences in inherited characteristics that cause relative differences in reproduction 4. Pollen: 2-3 celled male gametophyte in seed plants 5. Seed: mature ovule OR a sporophyte embryo, its food (female gematophyte or endosperm), and the protective seed coat composed of a sporangium and integumentsBIOLOGY 262, FALL 2004 EXAMINATION #3 (PART 2) Name Key Date FREE RESPONSE QUESTIONS/PROBLEMS.For the following, address each in as concise and lucid a manner as possible. Do NOT exceed the space provided. (50%) 1. When double fertilization was first discovered, it was greeted by the scientific community with astonishment. a.) What is it and what does it produce? b.) Why is it considered to be weird when compared to other plants? c.) Which plants undergo double fertilization in their sexual cycle? (8%) a.) It is the fusion of one sperm with an egg to produce a zygote and the fusion of a second sperm with two embryo sac nuclei to form a 3n endosperm. b.) No other plants produce endosperm. c.) Anthophytes OR angiosperms OR flowering plants 2. Describe the life cycle of a member of Phylum Pterophyta. Include all life cycle stages and label their ploidy. Also indicate all cellular processes that occur. Indicate the life cycle generation that is considered to be dominant. (Feel free but do not feel obliged to use labeled illustrations for your answer.) (12%) Sporophyte dominant. 3. People infected with drug resistant strains of the HIV virus were taken off of anti-HIV drugs for a period of time. Later, the patients were given the same anti-HIV drugs. These drugs then greatly reduced a newly drug-susceptible HIV population. Why did the virus population become susceptible to anti-HIV drugs after patients stopped taking the drugs? Provide an evolutionary explanation. (10%) In the absence of the anti-HIV drugs, the non-resistant wild-type strain reproduces and infects cells better. Therefore, in an environment without drugs the wild-type strain is favored by natural selection and the resistant strain decreases in frequency. no anti-viral drugs Anti-viral drugs “wild type” virus Fast reproduction No reproduction resistant virus Slow reproduction Slow reproduction mitosis Sporophyte 2n Spores 1nSporangium in sorus under leaf Male Gametophyte 1n Female Gametophyte 1n Sperm 1n mitosis mitosis of zygotecrushes female gametophyteZygote 2n (still in archegonium on female gametophyte) antheridium archegonium meiosis fertilization4. A bacterium that causes a sinus infection that lasts two weeks infects a student in the Regis University dormitories. Once a student has recovered from infection by the bacterium the student is immune to re-infection by