BIOLOGY 262, FALL 2005 – IN-CLASS EXAM EXAMINATION #3 (PART 1) Name Date MULTIPLE CHOICE.For the following multiple choice questions circle the letter in front of the response that best answers the question or completes the sentence. (20%, 2% each) 1. Which of the following IS an assumption of scientific philosophy? a. Different events must be caused uniquely. b. Hypotheses can be proven True. c. Sense experience always misrepresents reality. d. The universe is chaotic. e. None of the above. (None are assumptions of scientific philosophy) 2. Which of the following is the Kingdom to which the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana belongs? a. Alveolata b. Euglenozoa c. Fungi d. Stramenopila e. None of the above 3. Which of the following best describes the association of mycorhizae with a plant root? a. Amensalistic b. Commensalistic c. Mutualistic d. Parasitic e. Saprobic 4. Which of the following is when a bacterium takes in DNA (as a plasmid) directly from another bacterium? a. binary fission b. conjugation c. transcription d. transformation e. None of the above 5. Which of the following is when a bacterium causes severe disease symptoms due to reproducing rapidly? a. high invasiveness b. high toxigenicity c. low invasiveness d. low toxigenicity e. low xylicity 6. As described in The Evolution Explosion human fisheries (fishing) have caused individuals in many fish populations to be genetically smaller because… a. the resultant small population sizes cause genetic drift. b. fisheries are strong directional natural selection for size. c. fisheries are strong disruptive natural selection for size. d. fisheries cause founder events. 7. As described in The Evolution Explosion when organophosphate pesticides are no longer used on mosquitos, their populations… a. become lower in size than when the pesticides were used. b. evolve to become susceptible. c. evolve additional resistances. d. stop evolving. 8. Which of the following is TRUE about bryophyte gametophytes? a. They are the dominant generation. b. They make gametes by meiosis. c. They make spores by mitosis. d. They do not undergo photosynthesis. e. None of the above (All are false.) 9. If a population of 10,000 is undergoing exponential growth with a yearly intrinsic rate of increase of 0.50, then what is the size of the population after 2 years? a. 10000 b. 15000 c. 20000 d. 22500 e. None of the above. 10. Given the following genotypes in a population: 30AA, 60Aa, 10aa. Is this population evolving with respect to the “A” gene? a. No b. Yes c. Cannot determine with the information given.FILL-IN-THE-BLANK.For the following exercises write the appropriate word or words in the available space, sketch, or label as appropriate. (10%) 1. In the space below sketch and label a “typical” eukaryotic cell. Be certain to label at least four things. (4%) 3. Label a derived characteristic for each of the indicated branches below. (6%) Archaezoa Euglenozoa Other Eukaryotes C B A a. b. c. DEFINITIONS.For the following BIOLOGICAL words or phrases define them as accurately and concisely as possible. (20%, 4% each) 1. Ecological Succession: 2. Endosperm: 3. Endosymbiotic Theory of Eukaryotic Origins: 4. Natural selection: 5. Sporangium:BIOLOGY 262, FALL 2005 EXAMINATION #3 (PART 2) Name Date FREE RESPONSE QUESTIONS/PROBLEMS.For the following, address each in as concise and lucid a manner as possible. Do NOT exceed the space provided. (50%) 1. Describe/explain the life cycle of a member of Phylum Coniferophyta. Include all life cycle stages, relevant unique structures, and label their ploidy. Also indicate all cellular processes that occur. (20%) Indicate the life cycle generation that is considered to be dominant. (2%) (Feel free but do not feel obliged to use labeled illustrations for your answer.) 2. People infected with drug resistant strains of the HIV virus were taken off of anti-HIV drugs for a period of time. Later, the patients were given the same anti-HIV drugs. These drugs then greatly reduced a newly drug-susceptible HIV population. Why did the virus population become susceptible to anti-HIV drugs after patients stopped taking the drugs? Provide a brief evolutionary explanation. (8%) (Hint: This question was directly derived from a video watched in class.)3. A single bacterium infects a small cut on Enda’s arm. One week later Edna’s wound is very suddenly red, painful and clearly infected. Her physician identifies the bacterium as Staphylococcus aureus (a Gram + bacterium) and prescribes penicillin. The infection worsens significantly and very rapidly over the next few days despite Edna’s taking penicillin as prescribed. (Severity of symptoms of infection by this bacterium approximately indicates the number of bacteria present.) a.) Briefly describe or list what you know about i.) the shape, ii.) the arrangement of the cells, and iii.) the cell wall structure of Staphylococcus aureus. (3%) b.) i.) Draw an approximate graph of the population size of Staphylococcus aureus in Edna’s cut from the initial infection to one week. (There are no numbers, but the description should allow you to choose a graph type and select an appropriate representation of change in population size in the first week.) Remember to label the axes and use the right type of graph. ii.) Indicate the type of population growth that occurred. iii.) How does this graph help explain the suddenness of the onset of her symptoms and their rapid worsening? (6%) c.) Provide a brief plausible explanation for why the penicillin did not stop the Staphylococcus aureus infection. (2%) 4. a.) What is pollen? (4%) b.) Given what pollen is and what it does when it lands on the stigma of a flower, how does treating pollen with low concentration herbicides help researchers develop herbicide resistant crops? (3%) (Hint: This question was directly derived from the exercise you completed and the book Evolution Explosion.) c.) Briefly (in a sentence or less), identify at least one problem that can result from producing herbicide resistant crops.
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