BIOLOGY 262, FALL 2009 FINAL EXAMINATION (PART 1) Name Date MULTIPLE CHOICE (+ FILL-IN THE BLANK).⎯For the following multiple choice questions circle the letter in front of the response that best answers the question or completes the sentence. (10%, 1% each) 1. Which of the following is NOT an assumption of scientific philosophy? a. Only experimental observations can prove hypotheses to be True. b. Sense experience consistently (but not absolutely_ reflects reality. c. The universe is ordered. d. None of the above. (All are assumptions) 2. Which of the following is a disease or condition caused by a nematode? a. fluke infection b. hookworm infection c. MRSA infection d. syphilis e. tapeworm infection 3. Which of the following is NOT one of the unique derived characteristics of chordates? a. calcium carbonate skeleton b. dorsal nerve tube c. notochord d. pharyngeal openings e. post-anal tail 4. The nervous system develops from which type of tissue? a. ectoderm b. endoderm c. mesoderm d. pachyderm 5. Which of the following theoretically should have the highest species richness? a. large long island far from continent b. large long island near continent c. small long island far from continent d. small long island near continent e. large round island far from continent f. large round island near continent g. small round island far from continent h. small round island near continent 6. Which of the following increases genetic variation? a. artificial selection b. genetic drift c. mutation d. natural selection e. None of the above (all decrease variation) 7. If a population of 100000 is undergoing logistic growth with a yearly intrinsic rate of increase of 0.50, and a carrying capacity of 100000 then what is the size of the population after 2 years? (round ≥0.5 up and <0.5 down if needed) a. 199000 b. 200000 c. 215400 d. 225800 e. None of the above. 8-10. Identify three things thata re incorrect or misleading about the diagram below.FILL-IN-THE-BLANK.⎯For the following exercises write the appropriate word or words in the available space. 1. Fill in the table below. (4%) Model Organism Common Name Kingdom Phylum Arabidopsis thaliana Drosophila melanogaster Saccharomyces cerevisiae Xenopus laevis 2.. What type of tissue is depicted at right. Be as specific as possible but do not exceed a few words in length. (1%) DEFINITIONS.⎯For the following BIOLOGICAL words or phrases, define them as accurately and concisely as possible. (10%, 2% each) 1. competitive exclusion: 2. diploblastic: 3. hyphae (singular = hypha): 4. pseudocoelomate: 5. (bacterial) transformation:BIOLOGY 262, FALL 2009 FINAL EXAMINATION (PART 2) Name Date FREE RESPONSE QUESTIONS/PROBLEMS.⎯For the following, address each in as concise and lucid a manner as possible. Do NOT exceed the space provided. 1. Use the data below to construct a phylogenetic tree of the species in the left column. Show the derived traits on your phylogenetic tree. OG = Outgroup (5%) Feathers Heart Chambers Penis Perching Foot Teeth Chicken present 4 absent absent absent Crow present 4 absent present absent Sparrow present 4 absent present absent Ostrich present 4 present absent absent Alligator absent 4 present absent present Lizard Outgroup absent 3 present absent present 2. In the space below sketch and label all the important structures in a FUNGAL cell. (5%) 3. Generally outline basic animal development in a vertebrate from fertilization to the formation of the nervous system. Be certain to identify each stage and indicate what is happening at each stage. (5%) Feel free but do not feel obliged to use labeled sketches in your answer.4. To reduce the frequency of antibiotic resistant bacteria in the environment it is recommended that antibiotics be used less frequently. Why would less frequent use of antibiotics result in greater frequency of susceptible bacteria over time? Provide a brief evolutionary explanation. (5%) 5. Explain how the pancreas and liver together regulate blood glucose. What happens when blood sugar is high? What happens when blood sugar is low? (4%) 6. In a sentence, explain what happens to cause Type 2 Diabetes. (1%)BIOLOGY 262, FALL 2009 FINAL EXAMINATION (PART 3) Name Date MULTIPLE CHOICE.⎯For the following multiple choice questions circle the letter in front of the response that best answers the question or completes the sentence. (10%, 1% each) 1. Which of the following best describes the community ecology relationship of a squirrel eating an oak seed (acorn)? a. Interspecific amensalism b. Intraspecific amensalism c. Interspecific commensalism d. Intraspecific commensalism e. Interspecific grazing f. Intraspecific grazing g. Interspecific predation h. Intraspecific predation i. None of the above 2. Is a population with the following genotypes at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, 72BB 96Bb 32bb ? a. No b. Yes c. Cannot be determined with the information provided. 3. Which of the following describes a bacterium that causes severe disease solely because of the reproduction of the bacterium? a. highly antibiotic b. highly invasive c. highly toxigenic d. highly xerophytic e. None of the above 4. Which of the following is an annelid? a. dog b. earthworm c. jellyfish / seajelly d. tapeworm e. starfish / seastar 5. Which of the following most limits aquatic primary production? a. light and nutrients b. light and temperature c. temperature and nutrients d. temperature and water The samples below measured the number of E. coli cells per μl derived from a standard broth culture. One culture was exposed to the drug Bacteri-B-Gon®. The hypothesis is that exposure to Bacteri-B-Gon® (BBG) exposure will kill cells. Table. Cell density per μl of E. coli after 10 minutes exposure to Bacteri-B-Gon® and unexposed culture. t-test p-value = 0.049 Not exposed 10 9 11 8 10 9 Exposed to BBG 12 10 30 12 14 21 6. For these data and this hypothesis what type of graph would be most appropriate?↑ a. Bar graph of means b. Bar graph of samples c. Histogram d. Line Graph e. Scatter Plot 7. The hypothesis is… ↑ a. rejected. b. supported. c. This cannot be determined with these data. 8. Organisms in which of the following phyla includes the green algae? a. Bryophyta b. Chlorophyta c. Lycophyta d. Pterophyta e. None of the above 9. In