BIOLOGY 262, SUMMER 2009 – IN CLASS EXAMINATION #2 (PART 1) Name Date MULTIPLE CHOICE.⎯For the following multiple-choice questions circle the letter in front of the response that best answers the question or completes the sentence. (20%, 2% each) Need exper 1. Which of the following is NOT an assumption of science? a. Different events can have the same general predictable cause. b. Scientists are always correct. c. Sense experience consistently and accurately represents reality. d. The universe is ordered. e. None of the above. (All are assumptions) 2. In a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, if the frequency of AA is 0.16, then what is the frequency of aa? a. 0.16 b. 0.36 c. 0.48 d. 0.84 e. None of the above 3. If a population of 7000 is undergoing exponential growth with a yearly intrinsic rate of increase of 0.20 then what is the size of the population after 2 years? a. 1400 b. 2800 c. 9800 d. 10080 e. None of the above 4. If a population of 1000 is undergoing logistic growth with a yearly intrinsic rate of increase of 0.50, and a carrying capacity of 100000 then what is the size of the population after 2 years? (round ≥0.5 up and <0.5 down if needed) a. 1990 b. 2000 c. 2154 d. 2258 e. None of the above. 10. Which of the following most limits terrestrial primary production? a. Light intensity and nutrients. b. Light intensity and precipitation. c. Light intensity and temperature. d. Nutrients and temperature. e. Precipitation and temperature The samples below measured the duration of flu in patients based on administration of the drug FluAid. The hypothesis is that FluAid will decrease the duration of seasonal flu. Table. Days of flu symptoms. P-value for comparison between the samples from the two areas = 0.031 Given FluAid 7 5 6 3 9 7 Given placebo 4 5 2 2 4 5 6. For the study above which of the following is the treatment? ↑ a. FluAid. b. Days with symptoms. c. Repeating the sampling. d. The flu virus. e. None of the above. 7. The hypothesis is… ↑ a. rejected. b. supported. c. (this cannot be determined with these data) 8. In an experimental study, the group that does not receive the treatment and is the basis for comparison is the… a. experimental group. b. naturalistic group. c. negative control group. d. positive control group. 9. Death of small and large sparrows during storms as described in The Evolution Explosion is an example of… a. artificial selection. b. directional selection. c. disruptive selection. d. sexual selection. e. stabilizing selection. 5. Which of the following is a correct species name? a. tuberculosis b. Tuberculosis c. tuberculosis d. Tuberculosis e. Mycobacterium f. Mycobacterium g. Mycobacterium tuberculosis h. Mycobacterium Tuberculosis i. Mycobacterium tuberculosis j. Mycobacterium TuberculosisSHORT ANSWER.⎯For the following briefly answer as appropriate. (10%) 1. Fill in the missing ranks in the Linnean classification below. (2%) Kingdom Class Species 2. Fill in the empty cells in the life table below for a cohort of squirrels. (5%) Age Number Survivor-ship Survivor-ship Rate 0 2000 1 500 2 250 3 200 Type of survivorship? 3. List three things that are inaccurate or misleading about the illustration. (3%) a. b. c. DEFINITIONS.⎯For the following BIOLOGICAL words or phrases define them as accurately and concisely as possible. (20%, 4% each) 1. Competitive Exclusion: 2. Monophyletic Group: 3. Mutation: 4. Natural Selection: 5. Primary Production:BIOLOGY 262, SUMMER 2009, EXAMINATION #2 (PART 2) Name Date FREE RESPONSE QUESTIONS/PROBLEMS.⎯For the following, address each in as concise and lucid a manner as possible. Do NOT exceed the space provided. (50%) 1. Use the data below to construct a phylogenetic tree of the species in the left column. Show the derived traits on your phylogenetic tree. OG = Outgroup (12%) large repro. structure sexual spore position dikaryotic stage sexual spores held in flagella portobello present under cap present 4s absent chantrelle present under cap present 4s absent morel present facing up present 8s absent cup fungus present facing up present 8s absent black bread mold absent facing up absent 4s absent chytrid Outgroup absent facing up absent 4s present 2. For a population is composed of individuals with the following genotypes. BB = 360 Bb = 280 bb = 360 a.) Is the “B-b gene” in this population is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? (Note: Generally show your calculations and you will not use a statistical test, simply compare.) (10%) b.) Based on the determination you made in 3.a. above, what would be a logical biological interpretation for what you observed (based on processes discussed in class). What could explain the concordance with or deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? (Do not exceed 1-2 sentences.) (2%)3. In human history until the 20th century disease and famine (= widespread starvation) often caused significant reduction in human population size. War very rarely did. Why? (Explain briefly in 1-2 sentences.) (4%) 4. Provide the chemical formula for the overall processes of photosynthesis and glycolysis + respiration. Be sure to include the chemical symbols if you use the names of each molecule. (8%) Generally explain how these two processes are related to concerns about global climate change (global warming). (4%) 5. Based on the videos observed in class and your reading of The Evolution Explosion, explain why and how resistance to antibiotics arises in bacteria. (10%) (Feel free but do not feel obliged to use a table in your answer.) (5%) Based on the videos observed in class and your reading of The Evolution Explosion, briefly explain why scientists expect that a reduction of the amount of antibiotics in the environment (via less use in animal feed and ending unnecessary prescriptions) would cause BOTH a reduction in the frequency of appearance of newly resistant bacteria AND a decrease in the number of already resistant bacteria in the population.
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