BIOLOGY 262, FALL 2009 – IN-CLASS EXAM EXAMINATION #3 (PART 1) Name Date MULTIPLE CHOICE.⎯For the following multiple choice questions circle the letter in front of the response that best answers the question or completes the sentence. (20%, 2% each) 1. Which of the following IS an assumption of scientific philosophy? a. Different events must be caused uniquely. b. Hypotheses can be proven True. c. Sense experience represents reality with some reasonable consistency. d. The universe is chaotic (unordered). e. None of the above. (None are assumptions of scientific philosophy) 2. Which of the following is the name of the model organism Saccharomyces cervisiae belongs? a. baker’s yeast b. fruit fly c. mouse-ear cress d. pink mold a e. None of the above 3. Given the following genotypes in a population: 640 AA, 320 Aa, 40 aa. Is this population evolving with respect to the “A” gene? a. No b. Yes c. Cannot determine with the info. given. 4. Which of the following is when a bacterium takes in DNA (as a plasmid) directly from the environment? a. binary fission b. conjugation c. transcription d. transformation e. None of the above 5. Which of the following is when a bacterium causes severe disease symptoms due to reproduction of the bacterium itself? a. high invasiveness b. high toxigenicity c. low invasiveness d. low toxigenicity e. low xylicity 6. Which of the following best describes the community ecology relationship of a squirrel eating an acorn (oak seed)? a. Interspecific amensalism b. Intraspecific amensalism c. Interspecificcommensalism d. Intraspecific commensalism e. Interspecific grazing f. Intraspecific grazing g. Interspecific predation h. Intraspecific predation i. None of the above 7. Which of the following most limits primary production in terrestrial environments? a. light and nutrients b. light and water c. light and temperature d. nutrients and temperature e. temperature and water 8. In which of the following parts of a flower does meiosis occur? a. anther b. filament c. petal d. sepal e. stigma 9. Determine the status of the hypothesis that “bacterial species richness will be greater on clothed skin” using these data: Mean species richness clothed skin = 6.3 Mean species richness unclothed skin = 8.2 P-value = 0.01 a. Hypothesis Supported b. Hypothesis Rejected c. Cannot determine with the info. given. 10. Which of the following increases genetic variation in a population? a. founder effect b. genetic drift c. inbreeding d. mutation e. natural selectionFILL-IN-THE-BLANK/SHORT PROBLEM.⎯For the following exercises write the appropriate word or words in the available space, sketch, or label as appropriate. (10%) 1. In the space below sketch and label a “typical” FUNGAL cell. Be certain to label at least six things. (6%) 2. Provide the summary equation for photosynthesis? (2%) 3. In plants, any extra product of photosynthesis can be used structurally or stored. What is the name of each of these molecules? (2%) Structural____________________________ Storage______________________________ DEFINITIONS.⎯For the following BIOLOGICAL words or phrases define them as accurately and concisely as possible. (20%, 4% each) 1. Genetic Drift: 2. Hypha (plural = hyphae): 3. Meiosis: 4. Natural Selection: 5. Seed:BIOLOGY 262, FALL 2009 - EXAMINATION #3 (PART 2) Name Date FREE RESPONSE QUESTIONS/PROBLEMS.⎯For the following, address each in as concise and lucid a manner as possible. Do NOT exceed the space provided. (50%) 1. Fill in the data in the table (the outgroup, liverworts, and one column of date have been completed for you), then use the data in the table to construct a phylogenetic tree of the phyla in the left column. Show the derived traits/synapomorphies on your phylogenetic tree. (10%) Heterosporous or homosporous? Which life cycle generation dominant? Vascular tissue present or absent? Type of Growth Pterophyta apical Coniferophyta apical Anthophyta apical Bryophyta apical Liverworts OG homosporous gametophyte vasc. tissue absent thallose 2. Describe/explain the life cycle of a member of Phylum Coniferophyta. Include all life cycle stages, relevant unique structures, and label their ploidy. Also indicate all cellular processes that occur. Indicate the life cycle generation that is considered to be dominant. (20%) (Feel free but do not feel obliged to use labeled illustrations for your answer.)3. To reduce the frequency of antibiotic resistant bacteria in the environment it is recommended that antibiotics be used less frequently. Why would less frequent use of antibiotics result in greater frequency of susceptible bacteria over time? Provide a brief evolutionary explanation. (10%) 4. Describe the carbon cycle and make sure you indicate the specific forms of carbon involved and the processes that convert the carbon to different forms. (8%) (Feel free but do not feel obliged to use labeled illustrations for your answer.) 5. Explain how the carbon cycle is associated with concerns about global climate change (global warming).
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