REL1300 Final Exam Study Guide Unit 3 Baha i The Basics pointed star Baha glory in Arabic Founder 13th Largest religion with about 7 million adherents 9 is a sacred number representing global unity and their symbol is the 9 Bab ud Din 1819 1850 original name Ali Muhammad o His name means Gate of Faith and his followers are called Babis o 1844 claimed and recognized as the reappearance of the 12th Imam o Imam Mahdi a special agent of god who will usher in an era of Islamic righteousness Bab made changes to Islamic practices and gained a following Persecution The Islamic authorities and government persecuted him Brought into custody determined to be killed by a firing squad o The firing squad misses the first time then second firing squad kills him universal religion o Prior to his execution he predicted someone would come to form a o Where the Bab s body rest is the second holiest shrine in Baha i Baha u llah 1852 1892 original name Husayn Ali o His name means The glory of god o Belonged to a very distinguished family and a large supporter of the Babi s o He was imprisoned at Tehran the Black Pit and a maiden of god appeared declaring him the next leader Next Leader o Exiled from Iran Baha u llah s exiles o Lives in Baghdad Irag o His followers are called Baha i s and they elevate him to the status of o His leadership is challenged to a duel by Yahya Nuri but Yahya does o Settle in Palestine after his death his shrine becomes the holiest in The Promised One not show up the Baha i faith Next Leader Abdul Baha o Son of Baha u llah assumes leadership after father s death o He spreads the Baha i faith the most y traveling throughout Europe and America o Died in 1921 Last Leader Shoghi Effendi Rabbani death Writings of Baha i o Grandson of Abdul takes over until 1957 o Universal House of Justice created to be the final leader after Shogi s Primary source is a collection of Baha u llaha s writings held sacredly over 1 000 documents in Persian and Arabic The writings of the Bab are also considered sacred Writings of Abdul Baha recognized as authoritative but not sacred Teachings of Baha i Belief that all of the world s religions are aiming at the truth and everyone believes in the same god Progressive Revelation The truth about god is revealed on a continuous and progressive manner and this is done by god sending manifestations of himself Heaven and Hell are symbolic for how close you are to god Distinctions from Islam No angels or demons Heaven and hell are symbolic After death your soul moves onto another level of growth and evolution Spiritual Unity Service The idea that each person gives up selfishness in order to help other people All humans share that they are created by god and in the image of god Harmony of science and religion will bring the world to peace Work is considered service and worship 19 of income should go to the service of humanity Marriage is monogamous Pray 5 times a day 3 prescribed prayers face the point of adoration in Isreal Group worship services with no formal leader 7 houses of worship Temples have 9 sides to represent world unity Brining people in unity woman amongst themselves Abdul believes humanity is like a bird and each wing represents man and Promotion of a universal language so people can always speak freely Partisanship is forbidden because is shows a person has loyalty above the cause of humanity Holidays 9 Holy days in the Baha I calendar 19 months in the calendar each with 19 days World center is major site of pilgrimage Fasting during the last month Ala Cults Sects Alternative Religious Movements New Religious Movements Other Terms Developments Stems from dominance of science Mormonism o Modernization globalization secularization increasing cultural Started in burned over district about 15 million adherents o Joseph Smith Visions of the correct church The angel moronic told Smith about the golden tablets he translates them and publishes them in 1830 Jehovah s Witnesses Charles Taze Russle o Started group based on his own reading of the bible o God is not trinity god is Jehovah and Jesus is recognized less o Impeding war between god and satan leads to 100 years of peace o No smoking drinking government o Don t fight in wars salute and birthdays Christian Science Mary Baker Eddy Scientology Ron Hubbard o All reality is an idea in mind of god o Because god is without error suffering is just illusions o Also called church of Christ scientists churches o Published Dianetics the modern science of mental health o Looks more like a religion and is know for many legal challenges The Rallian Movement Aliens created us Having sex with people helps you The People s Temple Jim Jones o Ideas flowed out of his communist ideas o Pushed for integration o Went from Indiana California to Guyana o In South America 900 people die from drinking Kool Aid Full Circle Came out of Hollywood People come together for peace and love Do not see themselves as a religion Individualistic you save yourself Traditional Chinese Religion Basics Buddhism Taoism 5th largest with 394 million adherents Chines Syncretism The Chinese Sanjias 3 beliefs Taosim Confucianism Tao the way way of reality the path of the universe Taoists the followers of the way Founder Lao Tzu Old Master o Government worker during Chao dynasty o May or may not have existed o Left for Tibet on a water buffalo and wrote his philosophy the Tao Te Ching Teachings of the Tao The mother of the world The way of reality path of the universe goal of harmony Characteristics of the Tao transcendent enigmatic mysterious immanent o Belief in simple living o Teachings of the Ying Yang Yin feminine fertile dark negative moon Yang masculine bright warm positive sun Wu Wei non aggressive action action without friction helps a person to free themselves Phases o Early Philosophical Taoism Conserve Te power or virtue o Immortality Seeking Improve Te Believed they could tap into the Te of Tao and increase their own vital energy Special dieties Extreme fasting meditation acupuncture bodily exercising o Religious Taoist Utilize Te Emerged from the belief that gods could help achieve immortality Other dieties made up and Lao Tzu made into a god Creaton of priesthood and colorful rituals to transmit Te Confucianism o Confucious 551 479BCE Master K ung Tax collector turned teacher turned government administrator Influence trough civil service Han Dynasty sought to centralize power in China Administrator studied and valued the
View Full Document
Unlocking...