Terms:The Word The means in which god reveals “himself” also seen as the manifestation of god; first ten statements of god that brought the world into existence and the speaking of it what maintains existence. Adi Granth Sikhism; written in Kumjabi. Rejects the authority of the sant script. Began to be assembled by Nanak Dev founder of Sikhism Anabaptist 1. Huldrych Zwingli, Zurich, Switzerland contest Luther 2. Emphasizes Eucharist is only symbolic3. Emphasizes adult baptism4. Schism in 1525 CE5. Modern version of Anabaptists are the Amish and MennonitesAnti-SemitismApocrypha Texts that different between Tenakh and Septuagint Arch of Titus Roman monument, located near coliseum celebrates the roman of the conquering of Jews (Israelites). 70 CE the destruction of the second temple BurkaCaliph 1. The prophets successor as the head of the Muslim community; position became institutionalized in the form of the caliphate, which lasted from 632-19242. From the Arabic khalifah one who represents or acts on behalf of anotherCalvinism 1. John Calvin leader of the Reformation2. Humans are created for communication with god and cannot rest until they arrive at it intellectual and spiritual 3. Scripture only way to god4. Original sin humanity is inherently flawed and evil 5. Predestination and the elect Egyptian VictoryStele of Merneptah Figh 8th and 9th century; 4 traditional schools of Shuria; these became the 4 primary basis that Shuria is derivative ofFour Gospels (Their names) 1. Mark: thought to be the earliest gospel to be accepted as canonical. Begins with john the Baptist. Says nothing about Jesus life before the beginning of his ministry. 2. Luke: gospels include 2 chapters of material not found in Mark. Includes visions and portents anticipating the birth and that of john the Baptist. Tells how Jesus was born in Bethlehem, how angels announce thebirth to shepherds, and how the shepherds went to pay respect to the newborn messiah. 3. Matthew: accounts include much of the same as Luke’s. clearly design his narrative to persuade a Jewish audience of the truth of Jesus. Opens his gospels by giving a genealogy of Jesus as the descendant of king David. Then claims that Mary conceived the child. 4. John: he expressly concerned to assert the cosmic significance of that life and to declare Jesus identity as messiah and savior. Shows his interest in his opening passage or prologue. Declares Jesus to be the incarnation of that divine world. Gnosticism 1. A movement based on the belief that the material world was evil and that the only way to escape entrapment init was through esoteric knowledge2. Doctrinal challenge for the Christian church 3. A school of interpretation that claimed to have privilege, secret knowledge4. Offered an inner meaning of Christianity Gurdwara A Sikh place of worship (temple, synagogue,gurdwara)Hadith Collection of stories about Muhammad’s life;has a sense of authority in addition to the Qu’ranHijab Woman’s veil or head covering Iconoclasm 1. Icons became very common throughout the church, east and west2. Some began to question if people were worshiping the icons themselves 3. 8th and 9th century4. Second council of Nicaea 787 CE approves icon use under certain conditions. Imam 1. Leader 2. Anyone who serves as the leader prayer at the mosque (Sunni Muslims) reserved for the individual they believe to be rightful3. Divinely mandated leader of the Muslim community (shi’is). Imami 1. Form of shia islam who follow the caliphates2. The 12ers; recognized lineage of 12 imams and the last imam going into cultations. Islam Isma’ili 1. 2 forms of Shia Islam who follow the caliphates.2. The 7ers; went and got 7 caliphs succession to newest caliph Jihad 1. Struggled to please god 2. One of the Shia’s addition KaabaKes-dhari Do not cut their hair but not have yet been accepted to the Khalsa. Name the Ks of the khalsa1. Long hair2. Comb3. Dagger4. Swore5. Shorts6. Bracelets KetuvimKosherLangarLogos 1. Connected to concepts of “the word” 2. Greek translation of the “word” fundamental linguistic characteristic between god and the “word” 3. Idea that god reveals himself in the written world Midrash 1. Once canon was locked, interpretations began to manifest2. These interpretations were called Midrashim3. The Midrashim is focused on either Halakha (legal) or Aggada (non-legal and homiletically) Mishnah 1. Summarizes applications of laws as they were interpreted 2. Written version of oral traditions3. Six divisions or ‘seeds’ 4. Each ‘seed’ addresses particular topic festivals, agriculture, ritual, women, damages (torts), purificationMul Mantra Main mantra (main statement of belied within Sikhism) God being one is not begotten nor has he begets (refuting assertion of son)Nebakanezer The leader of the Babylonians conquers Judea 586 BCE. Destroyed first templeNebi’imNew Testament Niqab Old Testament Pentateuch Pharisees Qur’an Quraysh Tribe Tribe that controlled Mecca; tribe Muhammad was a member of RabbiRamadan Reformation SadduceesSamaritansSeptuagint 1. 30 books2. Translated into Greek (torah,prophets, writings, expansive in the 3rd century) 3. Causes re-evaluation of the texts which results in the forming of the Tanakh (24 books) 4. 3rd and 2nd century BCE 70 CEShari’ah Shi’aSufi/SufismSunniSynagogueTalmud Tanakh 1. 24 books2. Approximately 130 BCE in Hebrew B/PThe Balfour Declaration Transubstantiation Trinity Umayyad Caliphate 1. First caliphate dynasty after the 4 rightful___; after all is dead it emergessee descendants from the dynasty controlling Islam2. Move center from Mecca to Demasus (then moved to Baghdad) Vulgate ZealotsZionism Dates:1230 BCE586 BCE Judea conquered by Nebekanezar 167 BCE70 BCE Destruction of the second temple 312 Constantine’s vision of the cross325 Fist council of Nicaea 661 Umayyad caliph moves capital to Damascus 1054 1. Roman envoy travels to see Cerularius and informs him he is no longer the church’s primary patriarch2. Break between Rome and Constantinople1384 John Wycliffe’s translation of vulgate into English. 1453 Constantinople overrun by Turks 1492 Jews expelled from Spain. Muslims expelled from Iberian peninsula 1517 Martin Luther does his 95 thesis on church in Wittenberg, Germany 1611 King James came up with Tyndale, Coverdale English 1897 Theodore Herzl and the first Zionist congress. The modern Zionist movement was created 19171948 1. The year the
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