World Religion study guide first semester Introduction Hindu Trimurti Gods and goddesses Brahma the creator 4 heads 4 vedas Vishnu the preserver eradicates evil Shiva the destroyer 2 forms the most powerful Tridevi demi gods Saraswati brahma knowledge Lakshmi Vishnu wealth prosperity Parvati shiva power Kali shiva death Ganesha shiva success Upanishads Nature of reality Karma cause Moand effect Samsara reincarnation Maksha liberation from reincarnation Brahman everything in reality Atman dissolve into the universe Vedas origins of the universe Caste system Brahmin priests and clergy Kshatriya warriors and nobility Vaishya Merchant class Shudra poor people Moksha Ways to reach nirvana Jnana yoga Knowledge Bhakti yoga Love Karma yoga Work Raja yoga Physical discipline Buddhism Siddarttha Gotama 566 486 BCE Born into wealthy family Married at 16 and ran away at 29 Enlightened at 35 Four Noble Truths Dukkha Life is suffering Samudaya Desire Nirodha suffering ends Magga the path to enlightenment Anatman no permanent self Skhandas characteristics of personality Two major Divisions Sects of Buddhism Ching T u pure land Zen Zen Vajrayana Dali Lama Three spheres of existence Earthly body sense desires Heavenly body Pure form Ultimate truth pure formlessness Jainism Mahavira Founder of Jainism Theravada The way of the elders original teachings of Buddha Follows the Pali Canon orthodox Mahayana less strict focus on Buddha s life reform The Bodhisattva Someone who reaches nirvana resembles Buddha Stories all resemble that of Buddha Renounced the world at age 30 Walks the path of enlightenment for 20 years When Mahavira reached enlightenment he uttered divine sounds Sky clad naked orthodox White clad wears white robes reform Three jewels Right faith Right knowledge Right Conduct Core principles Ahimsa non violence Brahmacarya Chastity Satya Truthfulness Aparigraha non acquisition Asteya non stealing Sikhism Guru Nanak 1469 1539 CE Born in Punjab Originally a Hindu Rejects all other religions Guru God Nanak appointed a successor guru before death Adi Granth teaching of all Gurus Founding of the Khalsa Amrit ceremony Baptism of Sikhism Militarization against threats from Islam and Hindus The 5 K s Kesh Uncut hair Kara Steel bracelet Kanga Wooden Comb Kaccha Cotton Underwear Kirpan Sword Confucianism Confucius 551 479 BCE Very intelligent Great respect in China Life ambitions shutdown Tried to end warring states period Confucian Virtues Jen humaneness Chun tzu maturity Li propety Te moral power Wen artistic cultivation Shu reciprocity 1949 Confucianism illegal in China with Communism Daoism Lao Tzu Founder of Daoism Virtually nothing is known about him Confucius sought out Lao Tzu The book of Daoism The Dao De Jing The Dao The Way Ultimate reality The way of the Universe The way of human life Forms Gods Philosophical Religious Physical Lao Tzu The Jade Emperor The Pure ones Shintoism Shen Divine Being Tao The way Shinto way of the spirits Objects of worship called Kami Amaterasu The sun god Names emperors of Japan History Ancient based around holy sites in Japan Buddhism entered Japan merged with Shintoism Japan isolation cut out Buddhism Present day people are both Shinto and Buddhist
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