REL1300 Exam 1 Study Guide Terms Ahimsa o Means non harm non violence o In Jainism it is one the mahavratas or a great vow that is accepted by everyone who takes up the life of a Jaina ascetic o It is the first vow and is considered to be the weightiest o Forbids all involvement with the world and ensures that no action is undertaken spontaneously without restraint o Total and unconditional no harm through speech action or thought o Cannot prepare their own meals cannot walk on grass cannot flush toilets or use electricity Ajiva o In Jainism means non soul o Is a substance without conscious and consists of five types o Is thoroughly enmeshed with jiva soul Alchemical Daoism o Daoists who were searching for a way to become immortal Amaterasu o Shinto o The Sun goddess the female Kami o Born from the left eye of Izanagi o Becomes the primary deity associated with the imperial family Amitabha Buddha o Infinite light or infinite life Buddha o Took 48 vows one of which was to establish a heavenly region the Pure land into which all beings who so desired could be reborn o Vowed that he would strive to become a completely enlightened Buddha on the condition that thereafter he could continue to help all living beings towards liberation Analects Anatman o Part of the Confucian classics in China o One of three characteristics of existence in Buddhism o Means no self o Draws attention to the psychological implications of the existential impermanence o Buddha denies the existence of a self o There is no I or mine o Does not mean there is no person or personality o Becomes distressed at the thought of fighting his own kin and throws down his o Is instructed by Krishna on the nature of God and the human soul and how to o The theory or belief that gods or a god does not exist Arjuna o Warrior in the Bhagavad Gita weapons reach liberation Atheism Atman o In Hinduism is the human soul o Counterpart to Brahman Aum Shinrikyo o New religious movement in Japan that is responsible for the sarin gas attacks on the Tokyo subway system that killed 13 people and injured more than a thousand o Prime example of the power of a charismatic holy man with an apocalyptic message can exert over disaffected young people o Each Dalai Lama is said to be the reincarnation of the bodhisattva o A section of the Mahabharata epic recounting of a conversation between Krishna and Arjuna in which Krishna explains the nature of God and the human soul o Loving devotion to a deity seen as a gracious being who enters the world for the Avalokiteshvara Avalokiteshvara Bhagavad Gita Bhakti benefit of humans Bodhisattva o In Theravada a being who is on the way to enlightenment or Buddhahood but has not yet achieved it o In Mahayana a celestial being who forgoes nirvana in order to save others Brahma Brahman Brahmin Buddha o A creator god in Hinduism o The world soul o Sometimes understood in impersonal terms o A member of the priest class o Associated with Hinduism o The awakened one o The enlightened one Buddhism Dao Dao De Jing o The teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire that suffering ceases when desire ceases and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct wisdom and meditation releases one from desire suffering and rebirth o Either the way or the sense of the path taken by followers of a particular religion o Classic of the Way and Power or Future o Also known as the Laozi o Speaks of the universal all encompassing Dao as indefinable De Diaspora o Means virtue in Chinese o After African religious traditions were carried to the Americas slaves developed new syncretic religions with elements of Christianity o Saints were identified with specific African deities Digambara o Sky clad Jains o Message of restraint o Embody the principal of renunciation Durga o The warrior aspect of the Hindu goddess Parvati the wife of Shiva o Depicted with a smiling countenance and a handful of weapons Filial Piety o Confucian practice o Respecting your parents Ganesh o The elephant headed son of Shiva and Parvati o Probably the most beloved god in Hinduism o Seen as a remover of all obstacles and hindrances o He is the god people look to in difficult situations Ghost Dance o Originated by the Wakova Guanyin o Proper practice of the dance would reunite the living with the spirits of the dead and bring peace prosperity and unity to native peoples throughout the region o The Buddhist bodhisattva of compassion who sees and hears the suffering of sentient beings o Represent by a female figure o Daoist figure often represented in Chinese Shrines He o Means harmony in Chinese Henotheism worshipped Hinayana o In Buddhism means lesser vehicle o Early school of Buddhism o Belief and worship of a single god while excepting other deities that may be o Earliest system of the Buddhist doctrine Hinduism o The common religion of India based upon the religion of the originalAryan settler s as expounded and evolved in the Vedas theUpanishads the Bhagavad Gita e tc having an extremely diversifiedcharacter with many schools of philosophy an d theology manypopular cults and a large pantheon symbolizing the many attrib utes ofa single god I Ching Izanagi o Divination system with 64 hexagrams o Part of the peaceful side of the primordial Kami couple o Part of the peaceful side of the primordial Kami couple o Father of sun goddess Izanami o Wife of Izanagi Jiva o In Jainism eternal soul consciousness o All living beings are endowed with Jiva Jnana Junzi Kali Kami o In Hinduism knowledge acquired through meditation and study as a means of reaching Brahman o A person of authoritative behavior translated to gentleman implying the virtues of the upper class a superior person or one of virtue and exceptional character o Evil Hindu deity with many arms o Spirits that are associated with a variety of natural phenomena o There are over 8 million o Found in Japan Kannon o The Japanese bodhisattva for compassion o Usually depicted as female o Alleviates suffering o Popular with women and warriors Karma Krishna o The energy of the individual s past thoughts and actions good and bad o It determines rebirth within the samsara o Good karma is also called merit o An incarnation of the Hindu god Vishnu o The Gita teaches loving devotion of Krishna o Describes the soul as existing beyond the reach of the mind and senses o Describes how to liberate oneself from the rebirth cycle Lakshmi o Consort of Vishnu o Known as the mother of all creation o
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