Key Blue Questions Green Dates Yellow People Islam Week 11 1 5 Pillars of Islam The profession of faith through which one becomes Muslim Regular worship participate in the 5 daily prayers a b c Almsgiving giving money d Ramadan Fast e Participation in annual pilgrimage to Mecca 2 Shahdah Be able to produce the 2 statements It is the profession of the Muslim faith Statements 1 I bear witness that there is no god except God 2 I bear witness that Muhammad is the messenger of God In sha Allah Arabic term to indicate hope for a aforementioned event to occur 3 4 Zakat Prescribed welfare tax 2 5 of each Muslims accumulated wealth 5 Sadaquh Voluntary almsgiving Muslims are expected to pay on top of the Zakat 6 7 Hajj Annual pilgrimage to Mecca 8 What are the 4 essential features of a Mosque Id al fitr Congregational prayer performed at the end of the Ramadan Fast a Fountain for washing hands face and feet b Large area for kneeling and prostration in prayer c A pulpit where a leader delivers the sermon d Imageless niche in the middle of the wall closest to Mecca 9 Mohamed Zakariya Most celebrated Islamic Calligrapher in the U S 10 What are the 2 types of Jihads Jihad means Struggle Inner Jihad the struggle to make oneself more Islamic a b Outer Jihad the struggle to make ones society more Islamic 11 Hijab A women s veil of head covering 12 Does the Qur an Mention the hijab What does it mention a No it only demands that women dress modestly as well as men Hinduism 1 Hinduism shares its name with what other major term What does it derive from What does it refer to a Shares it s name with India b Derived from Sind name of the region holding the river Sindhu c Refers to religion of the Indians 2 Santana Dharma Alternative term to Hinduism refers to a persons particular caste community or group Translation Eternal Faith 3 Dharma Sanskrit word for religion Means righteousness justice faith duty etc This does not cover all that is sacred for a Hindu 4 2700 BCE Evidence of Indus Valley civilization 5 Mohenjo Daro One of the towns from ancient Hindu cultures Home to a huge swimming pool like structure called the great bath Referred to as Mound of the Dead 6 Vedas The earliest surviving Indo European compositions Works collectively known as Shruti Documents 7 Rig Veda One of the 4 Vedic collections Earliest section contained 1 028 hymns 8 Upanishads Philosophical works section of each Veda Composed around 600 BCE 9 What is unique about the Atharva Veda a It differs from the other 3 Vedas because it includes materials considered to be Non Aryan like incantations and remedies to ward off illness and evil spirits 10 Varnas Each of the 4 Hindu castes Brahman Kshantriya Vaishya Shudra 11 Karma Literal meaning Action A system of rewards and punisments attached to various actions 12 Samsara A continuing cycle of death and rebirth or reincarnation This is because the system of Karma may take several lifetimes to work out 13 Moksha Liberation from Samsara This requires a transforming experiential 14 A mrta Those who attain Moksha and become immortal Translation Without wisdom Death 15 Atman Human soul individual self 16 Brahman The supreme being the world soul 17 Satya Truth or existence 18 What are the 2 main Hindu epics and what do their names mean a Ramayana The story of Rama b Mahabharata Great Epic of India or Great Sons of Bharata 19 What are the 3 ways to liberation described in the Gita 20 Who are the female consorts of Shiva Vishnu and Brahma a The way of action b The way of knowledge c The way of devotion a Vishnu Lakshimi b Shiva Parvati c Brahma Sarasvati 21 Who is Ganesha and how is she depicted a The elephant headed son of Shiva and Parvati He is the most beloved god in all of Hinduism People go to him in difficult situations 22 Who is Hanuman and how is he depicted a The monkey god He is a model devotee of Rama and Sita He is everyone s protector description is misleading 23 Which of the gods make up the Hindu trinity Why does the book suggest that the a Brama Vishnu and Shiva make up the trinity b Since they are sometimes represented as equals and as individuals it suggests that i Hindus give equal importance to all 3 gods when in reality they focus their devotions on one god ii The polytheistic interpretation of the 3 gods suggests that creation preservation and destruction are functions that can be preformed separately 24 Yoga The physical and mental discipline through which people yoke their spirit to the divine 25 OM A syllable chanted in meditation interpreted as representing ultimate reality or universe or relationship of devotee to the deity 26 Murtis Variously translated idols icons forms or objects to be worshipped 27 Prasada A gift from the deity especially food that has been presented to the god s temple image for blessing and then is returned to the deity 28 Naga One of the earliest symbols in the Hindu tradition It is a serpent 29 Nataraja A way Shiva is portrayed as a cosmic dancer or the king of the dance 30 What are the 4 things that Nataraja holds in does with his hands and what do they Usually has 4 hands mean a Hourglass shaped drum symbolizes sound both speech and the divine truth heard through revelation b One hand makes a gesture granting fearlessness to the devotee c Holds a flame symbolizes destruction of the world at the end of time d Points to his foot which grants salvation and are worshipped to obtain union 31 Puja Rituals performed at the home to express their devotion to a deity or spiritual 32 Sadhu A holy man 33 Sati The self sacrifice of a widow who throws herself onto her deceased husbands with Shiva teacher funeral fire Buddhism 1 Where did Buddhism originate a Along the Gangi river in India 2 What are the 3 vehicles of Buddhism a Theravada Teaching of the elders Dominant in Sri Lanka b Mahayna Greater Vehicle Principal school in East Asia c Vajrayana The tantric branch of Buddhism Developed from Mahayna and became closely associated with Himalayan region 3 How did Brahmin Priests differ from Ascetic Masters a Brahmin priests married and conducted animal sacrifices central to their religion b Ascetic masters remained celibate and denounced the practice of sacrifice c Ascetics could only achieve liberation through their own efforts but Brahmins relied on deities 4 Who is the Buddha of the current age a Shakyamuni 5 Explain how the Buddha works if he is not worshipped as a God a He is seen as a role model and since he has already reached enlightenment
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