REL 1300 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE Adi Granth Primary scripture of Sikhism has three major sections original book Advaita Vedanta school of philosophy within Hinduism belief that teaches a non dualistic reality where only Brahman is real Brahman is the one ultimate reality Agnostic a person who believes that nothing is known or can be known of the existence or nature of God or of anything beyond material phenomena a person who claims neither faith nor disbelief in God Ahimsa both the avoidance of violence toward other life forms and an active sense of compassion toward them a basic principle of Jainism Hinduism and Buddhism Alchemical Daoism purification of one s spirit soul and body through various concoctions to reach immortality Amaterasu in Japanese mythology primary deity associated with the imperial family Shintoism Religion female deity goddess of the sun Shintoism Japanese mythology Amitabha Buddha The Buddha of Infinite Light he is described in Mahayana sutras and held to dwell in a celestial paradise in the West A celestial buddha described in the scriptures of the Mah y na school of Buddhism Amit bha is the principal Buddha in the Pure Land sect a branch of Buddhism practiced mainly in East Asia longevity attribute and the aggregate of distinguishing recognition and the deep awareness of individuality while in Vajrayana Amit bha is known for his Anatman No self One of the 3 Marks of Existence The self does not exist or carry forward through rebirth Arhat Ideal in Theravada Buddhism a being who is awakened and who has reached Nirvana through following the teaching of the Buddha Arjuna Hindu mythology the warrior prince in the Bhagavad Gita to whom Krishna explains the nature of being and of God and how humans can come to know God Aryan A group of Indo European nomadic herders who are believed by many scholars to have migrated to the Indian Subcontinent Atman Hindu term for the essential self that passes between rebirths and is trapped in the cycle of rebirth desires an exit through liberation Aum Shinrikyo New religious movement in Japan that is responsible for the saran gas attacks on the Tokyo subway system that killed 13 people and injured more than a thousand Avalokiteshvara Each Dalai Lama is said to be the reincarnation of the bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara Bhagavad Gita A section of the Mahabharata epic recounting of a conversation between Krishna and Arjuna in which Krishna explains the nature of God and the human soul Bhakti Historically associated with the use of vernacular language doctrinally about devotion to a single deity with the hope that the deity s favor will liberate your from samsara Bodhisattva ideal in Mahayana Buddhism a being on the path of becoming a Buddha people request their aid because when they are AKA the Buddha before achieving enlightenment closer to Buddhahood they have power Bodhisattva vow the vow to be he who doesn t attempt to fully achieve Nirvana but instead stays in samsara to assist others in the attainment of enlightenment Brahma creator god divine as the creator Hinduism Brahman the absolute divine reality Hinduism Brahmin A member of the priest class in Hinduism Buddha Specific Siddhartha Gautuma a being who achieves full enlightenment on their choose to teach the dharma out of great own compassion and found a Sangha one of the 3 jewels of Buddhism Buddhism the teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire Suffering ceases when desire ceases and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth Diaspora the dispersion of the Jews outside Israel Digambaras the sky clad branch of Jains stronger in southern India who as part of their ascetic practice have traditionally rejected clothing Durga most common name for the Devi or Mahadevi as Great Goddess independent no consort many arms wields the weapons of the male gods mount lion destroys many demons E meter In Scientology an electronic machine that reads galvanic skin response sometimes used to assist the auditing process Filial Piety Confucian practice of respecting ones parents Ganesh The elephant headed son of Shiva and Parvati Probably the most beloved god in Hinduism Seen as a remover of all obstacles and hindrances He is the god people look to in difficult situations Guan Yin The Buddhist bodhisattva of compassion who sees and hears the suffering of sentient beings Represented by a female figure Daoist figure often represented in Chinese Shrines Hanuman in Hinduism the monkey god and helper of Rama Flying Monkey who saves Sita from Ravana often worshipped as a protector He means harmony in Chinese Hinayana Branch of Buddhism known as the lesser vehicle also known as Theravada Buddhism its beliefs include strict individual path to enlightenment and it is popular in south and southeast Asia I Ching the Chinese book of oracles associated with Confucius Confucianism The Book of Changes a divination manual attributed to the sages of old Consists of short oracles arranged under 64 hexagrams symbols made up of combinations of broken and unbroken lines in groups of six with commentaries that reflect early cosmological and mataphysical speculation on concepts such as yin yang One of the Five Classics Japanese water babies Jiva Ajiva The eternal soul consciousness in Jainism all living being are endowed with Jiva Jnana In hinduism knowledge acquired through meditation and study as a means of reaching Brahman Kali fierce destroying blood drinking mother goddess Hinduism Kannon The Japanese bodhisattva for compassion usually depicted as female Karma associated with both Hinduism and Buddhism means action determines what happens to you in the next life the goal is to lose all of it in order to attain positive rebirths sticky stuff that sticks to you in response to your actions Krishna appears in the Bhagavad Gita reincarnation of the Hindu deity Vishnu ladies man among deities Lakshmi Consort of Vishnu Known as the mother of all creation Goddess of good fortune Bestows wisdom and salvation Lami The Lami keep strictly to the customs handed down from their ancestors Angmatu their principal festival is considered the best time for them to worship their deity and ask for blessings The god of Strength is the deity they worship the god they believe can dispel disasters and sweep away all evils and monsters and endow them with auspiciousness fortune longevity and bumper harvests Li Rituals or
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