Final Study Guide for REL1300 Terms Ideas Festivals Groups Sects Golden Plates according to theology of latter day saint movement churches golden plates are a book of bound and engraved metal plates that joseph smith Jr said was his source for the book of Mormons said that they describe a visit of Jesus to the indigenous ppls of the Americas Atman The eternal self which the Upanishads identify with Brahman often lowercase the eternal Self or soul on an individual that is reincarnated from one body to the next and is ultimately identified with Atman Anataman means without atman without eternal self or soul Brahman A single spiritual power that Hindus believe lives in everything Brahma the Hindu god deva of creation and one of the Trim rti the others being Vishnu and Shiva According to the Brahm Pur a he s the father of Manu and from Manu all human beings are descended Karma Hinduism and Buddhism the effects of a person s actions that determine his destiny in his next incarnation Samsura the experience of birth life and death over and over again until one has achieved oneness with Brahman Dharma Ethical duty based on the divine order of reality one of the four goals of life Brahmin A priest or member of the priestly caste in Hinduism Caste System A Hindu social class system that controlled every aspect of daily life Bhakti Hinduism loving devotion to a deity leading to salvation and Nirvana HoliCare that involves the whole person this includes his or her physical social emotional and spiritual needs Gurus Brahmans who served as teachers to the imperial Gupta court Triple Gem of Buddhism Buddha Dharma teaching Sangha community Monks Wheel of Dharma The symbol that represents dharma It is a chariot wheel with 8 spokes that represent the noble eightfold path the circle represents the perfection of dharma the stub represents discipline and the rim represents mindfulness The Four Sights were the visions the Buddha saw of an old man a sick man and a dead man These sights inspired him to seek enlightenment Koan In Chan and Zen Buddhism a question that cannot be answered logically a technique used to test consciousness and bring awakening Stupas Buddhist shrines that have the shape of a dome or mound Tantrism Buddhist a movement combining magical and mystical elements and with sacred writing of its own Mantra The repetition of mystic incantations in Hinduism and Buddhism Murti statues of Hindu deities in which the god is present Murdas Symbolic hand gestures by Buddha statues Urim and Thummim physical objects perhaps precious stones or metal that were placed in the breastplate of the high priest used to determine the will of God Shaman The single person who takes on the roles of priest counselor and physician and acts as a conduit to the supernatural world in a shamanist culture Spaghetti Monster the deity of the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster or Pastafarianism a movement that promotes a light hearted view of religion and opposes the teaching of intelligent design and creationism in public schools Although adherents maintain publicly that Pastafarianism is a genuine religion it is generally recognized by the media as a parody religion Civic Religion Roman Religion Worship of the gods in the city in which you were born was the civic duty of each citizen Civic religion Patriotism Polytheistic Mythology No personal salvation nothing to do with afterlife stoic philosophy deification of Roman virtues Neo Platonism Syncretism Bhikshu Buddhist monk or nun who renounces worldliness for the sake of following the path of liberation and whose simple physical needs are met by lay supporters Religious Cults in Roman Empire Vedanta The end of the Vedas A name for schools of philosophy founded on teachings of the Upanishads Yoga a system of exercises practiced as part of the Hindu discipline to promote control of the body and mind Tantrism Hindu is an obscure school outside the Vedic and brahminical tradition which emerged around the fifth century and centered on a number on controversial ritual practices come of them sexual Syllable Om Syllable chanted in meditation interpreted as representing ultimate reality or the universe or the relationship of the devotee to the deity Naga a deity or class of entity or being taking the form of a very great snake specifically the king cobra found in Hinduism Buddhism Shesha Vishnu Vasuki Linga a stone that symbolizes Hindu god Shiva or Siva Bindi a forehead decoration worn in South Asia particularly India Bangladesh Nepal Sri Lanka and Mauritius and Southeast Asia Traditionally it is a bright dot of red color applied in the center of the forehead close to the eyebrows but it can also consist of other colors with a sign or piece of jewelry worn at this location Navarati Festival of 9 nights celebrated by Hindus as a triumph of good over evil Celebrate the elephant goddess with worship of Shakti dance and festivities Puja Hindu devotional worship of deities at home or in a temple Sati as a social funeral practice among some Indian communities in which a recently widowed woman would immolate set fire to herself on her husband s funeral pyre Shudra the lowest of the four varnas the servants and workers of low status Hindu Parinirvana The final nirvana which occurs upon the death of the body of someone who has attained complete awakening Bodhi Nirvana blowing out the ultimate goal of all Buddhists the extinction of desire and any sense of individual selfhood resulting in liberation from samsara and its limiting conditions Four Noble Truths 1 All life is full of suffering pain and sorrow 2 The cause of suffering is nonvirtue or negative deeds and mindsets such as hated and desire 3 The only cure for suffering is to overcome nonvirture 4 The way to overcome nonvirtue is to follow the Eightfold Path Eightfold Path As taught by the Buddha the path one must follow to achieve nirvana Sangha assemblage the Buddhist community of monks and nuns one of the Three Jewels of Buddhism Pure Land Emphasized salvationist aspects of Chinese Buddhism and focused on rebirth in some paradise the Pure Land rather than nirvana very popular among the masses Mahayana Sutra The sacred Buddhist texts Usually recited during funerals and other Buddhist rituals ceremonies Seer Stone weird rock found by Joseph Smith type of crystal ball Syncretism A blending of beliefs and practices from different religions into one faith Popular Culture Culture found in a large heterogeneous society that
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