General Terms Abbasid Dynasty 750 1258 AD o Moved capital to Baghdad Iraq o Islamic renaissance 7th Day Adventists Progress made in science math medicine philosophy Preservation of Greek literature and philosophy Islamic Spain became the cultural center Predecessor William Miller Millerites Founder Ellen G Harmon White Beliefs Saturday Sabbath Reject innate immortality of the soul Follow OT dietary laws Many are conscientious objectors Oppose the teaching of biological evolution Predicted return of Jesus in March 1843 March 1844 and October 1844 Anglicanism o Henry VIII 1534 AD Act of Supremacy o o Cuts his ties with Rome Proclaimed king and successors the only Supreme Head in earth of the Church of England Seize church holdings Had traditional mass but in vernacular Hierarchy of bishops Clergy could marry State church with monarch as head Episcopalian Sunni observed with a day of fasting Shi a observed as a day of suffering and martyrdom Immersion into water as a signal of conversion into a religion o The Scriptures OT NT as rule of faith o No over arching hierarchy o Baptism of adults mature believers rather than infants Full immersion into water Ashura o o Baptism o Baptists Bishops of authority and oversight Hierarchy in Anglicanism Roman Bishop Pope Caliph Caliphate o Grew in United States after the First Great Awakening 1740 1743 o Regional split in 1845 over the issue of slavery that results in Northern and Southern Baptists o An ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position successor or deputy o o Amir commander of ummah Muslim community o Caliphate succession of rule Calvinism o John Calvin 1509 1564 Took Luther s suggestions further God is absolutely sovereign Humans are sinful and powerless to achieve salvation on their own o Predestination God has preordained who is damned and saved and Presbyterianism English and American Reformed Calvinism there s nothing people can do o Total Depravity cannot save themselves totally dependent on God o Unconditional Election God will choose certain people for unknown reason o Limited Atonement Jesus died only for those who were elected o o Canon Irresistible Grace God has chosen you as elect the movement or grace from God is irresistible Perseverance of Saints if you are one of the elect you will be successful in your faith o Organization of the Hebrew Bible TaNaK rule or measure a collection of writings that become the authoritative guide or standard for the faith and practice of members of a particular religious group HB canon 24 books and 3 divisions Christ Messiah o Leader of Christianity Part of the Trinity Godhead Christian Fundamentalism arose in late 19th century o Theory of Evolution Bible s accuracy Second Coming of Christ Christian Mysticism o Knowledge of God from personal experience o o Hildegard of Bingen 1098 1179 AD Provided a unique space for women in Medieval Christianity Visions of light Preaching tours denounced church leaders o Julian of Norwich 1342 1416 AD Fell into a trance while deathly ill Meditated for 20 years on that experience o Teresa of Avila 1515 1582 AD Writes Interior Castle o Spiritual marriage with God Christian Scientists Founded in Boston in 1879 by Mary Baker Eddy o o Belief that evils can be transcended and spiritual existence was possible Conservative Judaism o Historical justification needed for reformation o Rational reasoning and historical precedent tradition Council of Trent 1545 1563 AD o Vowed to end abuses and excesses The Church reiterated positions that the Protestant Reformation had rejected Understanding the mass as a sacrifice Authority of institutional tradition alongside scripture Mass and Bible in Latin Idea of priests as intermediaries Celibacy for priests Covenant o Formalized relationship governed by terms and conditions binding agreement Calling of Abraham wife is barren able to have children after these children are Noahic convenant Gen 9 1 9 Abrahamic convenant fathers of nations o Circumcision is sign Sinai Covenant Exodus 19 20 Decalogue Ten Commandments Davidic Covenant 2 Sam 7 8 16 Sons of David will always be rulers of countries The Crusades o Meant to drive back Seljuk Turks o 1st Crusade 1096 1099 AD Conquered Jerusalem held it for about 100 years Many Jews Orthodox Christians and Muslims murdered in the process Forgiveness of sins for crusader soldiers Eternal punishment forgiven only by Jesus Temporal punishment go to priest and do penance Indulgence in exchange of an act it can wipe out a sin and you can still go to Heaven Church starts to make people pay for these Dhimmis Diaspora o o Protected People Granted protection from enemies of the states Scattered population with a common origin in a smaller geographic area Diaspora can also refer to the movement of the population from its original homeland African Hindu Sikh Islamic etic Dietary Laws Lev 11 Kashrut o Kinds of Animals Preparation of foods o o Combination of foods Documentary Hypothesis o The Yahwish German Jahwish source J The Elohist source E The Deuteronomic source D The Priestly source P Why the Hypothesis Eastern Greek Orthodox Be able to tell differences in chapters of the Bible such as anachronisms o Umbrella term for the various churches centered on the patriarchates that refused to accept Rome s claim to supremacy Includes veneration of icons Essenes Dead Sea Scrolls o Qumran Dead Sea Scrolls go off into the desert and start their own community keep the Jewish tradition pure o Central Christian ritual that re enacts the Passover meal that Jesus had with his followers symbolizes o The removal of a person or a group of people from a church and or religions due to violations of laws Eucharist His body and blood Excommunication or doctrine Council of Nicaea 325 AD o Issue What is the relationship between God Jesus and the Holy Spirit Arius 250 336 AD Son of God is not eternal Created within time by the Father Homoiousion of similar substance to the Father Athanasius 296 373 AD Coeternity and coequality of father and son Homoousion of the same substance The Nicene Creed o Ratified at Council of Constantinople in 381 AD o Explanation for the relationship of the Gospels of Matthew Mark and Luke o There were four sources to the Gospel of Matthew and Luke Gospel of Mark the M and L source the Q Four Source Hypothesis Glossolalia Gnosticism o Speaking of tongues in foreign languages o Gnosis knowledge Privileged secret knowledge brings salvation
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