REL Midterm Study Guide 10 14 2015 CHAPTER 1 QUESTIONS Question 1 What does the term religare to which some scholars trace the root of the word religion mean Answer to bind Question 2 What was one very important function of Neolithic era priests Answer track the seasons Question 3 Which religion played an important part in the early development of monotheism Answer Zoroastrianism Question 4 What is an axis mundi Answer a symbolic link between earth and sky Question 5 Scripturalism first manifested itself in which tradition Answer Rabbinic Judaism Question 6 What is an avatar Answer The coming down of a god to earth as a human Question 7 Into what does the shaman enter in order to communicate with the spirit world Answer a trance Question 8 Which of the following traditions does NOT reflect the belief that deceased ancestors can help to guide living descendants Answer Bar Mitzvah Question 9 Which term refers to those who place total authority in their scripture and read it as literal truth Answer Fundamentalists Question 10 Which of the following was an early venture in interfaith dialogue Answer The World s Parliament of Religions Question 11 In which religions did scripture come to play a central role as the word of God Answer Judaism Christianity and Islam Question 12 What is the central issue of the insider outsider problem in the study of religion Answer Different points of views from within a religious tradition and outside it Question 13 What was traditionally one way to deal with unfriendly spirits according to many ancient cultures Answer frighten them Question 14 What does the term pluralism mean Answer the fact of diversity and the evaluation of that diversity as desirable Question 15 Pre historic cultures often painted pictures like the one above as part of what Answer Hunting rituals Question 16 What animal has frequently been associated with the most powerful male deities in religious traditions Answer the bull Question 17 What does the term mystery religion refers to Answer A type of Greek and Roman tradition in which the core teachings and rituals were revealed only to those who were prepared to undergo initiation Question 18 Which term refers to a person who acts as an intermediary between humans and the spirit world Answer Shaman Question 19 What does the word prophet mean Answer A person who speaks on behalf of a deity and foresees or predicts the future Question 20 For what reason traditionally have rituals concerning animals been performed in many societies Answer to appease their spirits Question 21 At which famous site did virgin priestesses deliver prophetic messages from the god Apollo and before that the earth goddess Gaia Answer The temple of Delphi Question 22 According to your textbook in ancient times the living were willing to sacrifice which of the following to help the dead Answer Important resources Question 23 What did many ancient cultures believed about uninhabited areas Answer they were guarded by spirits Question 24 What do various ancient hunting rituals show about the beliefs of people in those societies Answer They believe that the spirit of the killed animal or person survives death Question 25 Which of the following is a functional definition of religion Answer religion is a way of creating community Question 26 The spiritual discipline in Jainism and Buddhism first developed near what significant region in India Answer the Ganges river CHAPTER 2 Question 1 In Haiti the merging of African and Christian traditions gave rise to which new religion Answer Voudou Question 2 According to Christopher Columbus what was the most valuable resource that he found in the Americas Answer People Question 3 The African concept of Ubuntu which Archbishop Desmond Tutu frequently cites says what Answer That human beings are interconnected Question 4 What was the Ghost Dance Answer a revival movement Question 5 Confusion over the Mayan Apocalypse in 2012 resulted from which of the following Answer An academic misunderstanding of the Mayan calendar Question 6 In Canada Aboriginal children were taken from their families often by force and placed where Answer in church run residential schools Question 7 The Yoruban god of iron and war Ogun has come to be associated in modern times with which profession s Answer welders mechanics and chauffer s Question 8 What characteristic is common to almost all of the traditional trickster characters that we know of Answer they are male Question 9 In what culture is the Sun Dance ritual found Answer Aboriginals of the North American plains Question 10 Scholars estimate that by the time the trans Atlantic slave trade ended the population of Africa had been reduced by how much Answer 50 percent Question 11 Totem poles are produced by Aboriginal peoples in which region Answer The Pacific Northwest Coast Question 12 Until relatively recently Indigenous peoples were only studied by whom Answer anthropologists Question 13 Where have the majority of Indigenous peoples performed all or most of their rituals Answer Outdoors in the natural world Question 14 Why did Europeans refer to Indigenous peoples as primitive Answer They assumed these traditions were dying out Question 15 What is a key problem in understanding Indigenous people and their religions Answer They have been long defined regulated altered and in many instances destroyed by non indigenous people Question 16 Which of the following is an element of Indigenous rites of passage Answer A journey Question 17 In popular films how are Indigenous people often portrayed Answer As noble and dying people Question 18 Which of the following is a vital characteristic of transmission of knowledge in Indigenous traditions Answer Orality Question 19 Around what are cargo cults based Answer Supplies and manufactured goods that regularly arrived for foreigners Question 20 When do boys in the Australian Wiradjuri tradition become men Answer Once they have learned the secret knowledge of the spirit world Question 21 What were Anishinaubae dream catchers originally meant to do Answer Protect children from nightmares Question 22 Famously mistranslated in the nineteenth century which term did anthropologists use to refer to the time during which the origin stories of the Australian Aborigines took place Answer The Dreaming Question 23 Approximately what percentage of Indigenous people in the world today identify with a colonial religion Answer 70 percent Question 24 How does complementary
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