REL1300 Final Study Guide 11 26 2014 TERMS Adi Granth Sikhism Primary scripture with 3 major sections o Literally original book Definite statement of a unique spiritual stance o Not only to be read studied but to be practiced and lived First compiled by Guru Arjan in 1604 o Invested with supreme authority as the Guru Granth Sahib after the death of the tenth Guru Gobind Singh in 1708 Advaita Vendanta Hinduism Shankara s school of philosophy which holds that there is only one ultimate reality the indescribable Brahman with which the Atman or self is identical Belief that teaches a non dualistic reality where only Braham is real o Braham is the one ultimate reality Agnostic Hindu and Greek Philosophy A god may exist but he is unknown unknowable Jainism Ahimsa First of the 5 vows Non harm or non violence For Jainas it denotes a philosophy of life in which all living beings should be respected and to the greatest degree possible protected from harm No harm to plants insects animals and human beings through speech action or thought because all things are connected Alchemical Daoism Daoism Purification of one s spirit soul and body through various concoctions to reach immortality Amaterasu Shintoism Japanese mythology In Japanese Mythology primary deity associated with the imperial family Shintoism Religion female deity goddess of the sun born from the eye of the primordial deity Izanagi following his purification o Born from the eye of the primordial deity Izanagi Enshrined at Ise as the patron deity of the imperial family Amitabha Buddha Buddhist Tradition Took 48 bodhisattva vows detailing his intention to strive for enlightenment o Vowed to establish the Pure Land into which all beings if desired could be reborn Anatman Buddhism Principle of no soul o The doctrine that the human person is impermanent a changing combination of components Buddhism Worthy ones Saints o Someone who has realized the ideal spirit of perfection Have attained Nirvana Hinduism Heroic loyal leader or warrior who symbolizes the human soul s quest for salvation Arhat Arjuna Aryan Hinduism Noble ones Chosen ones o Group Indo European people that migrated from Central Asia into Iran Hindu tradition Human soul individual self The individual self held by Upanishadic and Vedantic thinkers to be identical with Brahman the world soul Atman Aum Shinrikyo Japanese combined Buddhism Hinduism and Christianity New religious movement cult in Japan that was responsible for attacking a subway in Tokyo which killed 13 people and injured over 1 000 people o Example that a charismatic holy man with an apocalyptic message can exert over people Avalokiteshvara Buddhism Bodhisattva of compassion o Dalai Lama is a manifestation o Each Dalai Lama is said to be the reincarnation of the previous one Bhagavad Gita Hinduism Extract of the Mahabharata o Longest poem ever written Section of the Mahabharata epic recounting a conversation between Krishna and the warrior Arjuna in which Krishna explains the nature of God and the human soul Compares the rebirth of the soul to its continuity through change of our body in this life Bhakti Hinduism o Loving devotion to a deity seen as a gracious being who enters the world for the benefit of humans o Spiritual discipline of devotion to a geity guru Leads to salvation or nirvana o Promoted active involvement in the worship of the divine In new religious movements devotional faith the favored spiritual path in the International Society for Krishna Consciousness ISKCON Bodhisattva Buddhism Bodhisattva vow o A Buddhist saint who has achieved spiritual liberation but chooses to remain in this world to help alleviate the suffering of all sentient beings o In Theravada o In Mahayana others A being that is on the way to enlightenment or Buddhahood but has not yet achieved it a celestial being who forgoes nirvana in order to save Buddhism Promise to work towards Buddhahood o Work towards certain values The four bodhisattva vows o I vow to rescue the boundless living beings from suffering o I vow to put an end to the infinite afflictions of living beings o I vow to learn the measureless Dharma doors o I vow to realize the unsurpassed path of the Buddha Brahma Buddhism A creator god o Minor deity o Said to have created the universe o Do NOT confuse with Brahman Brahman Hinduism and Buddhism Hinduism the world soul sometimes understood in impersonal terms Supreme Being itself o pervades and transcends not only humans but the universe Brahmin Buddha being Buddhism Hinduism Highest part of the Hindu caste system o Priests and teachers Buddhism Not worshiped as a god rather he is a fully enlightened human Awakened one o Set the wheel of Dharma teaching in motion Formed during 500s BC a period of religious turmoil in India in response to worldly suffering corrupt religious bureaucracies and injustices of higher castes Life is full of suffering because of desire Enlightenment is the way to end this suffering which enables the half to the endless cycle of birth and death Nirvana Cinnabar Alchemical Daoism Poison that is ingested to attain immortality Dao dao Dao De Jing Daoism and Confucianism Concept meaning the way Either the Way in the sense of the Ultimate or the way in the sense of the path taken by followers of a particular tradition Daoism and Confucianism The classical book about the Way and power of virtue o Classical texts to the fundamentals of Daoism From the teachings of Lao Tzu written by his disciples o Sets out to answer What is the Dao o Basically says you should not seek the Dao and that things should take their natural course Daoism and Confucianism Energy source that flows through the world o Moral power derived from virtuous ethical behavior must rule over small minded and morally inferior De Devi Hinduism The Great Goddess o Autumn Festival Navarati Nine Nights is dedicated to her Diaspora Africa Hinduism Islamic Jaina Jewish and Sikh The dispersion of any group from their homeland o Example Jewish diaspora from Israel Digambaras Jainism Naked or Sky clad o Sect of Jainism Monks do not wear clothes Women are forbidden which disqualifies them from taking vows of renunciation Early sectarian node within Jainism with its own sacred scriptures o Identified by the male mendicant practice of nudity Durga Hinduism Supreme Goddess o Goddess of Feminine Power 10 to 1 000 arms weapons and rides a lion Scientology Measures the static field surrounding body and says if a person has been relieved of
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