8 30 12 Totemic Principle Many groups have an object their regard as sacred The totem became a representation of the community itself All the beliefs and practices in relation to this totem served as a way of rein forcing collective identity Religion is nothing more than social Religious dynamics are synony mous Around the 1960 s there began a more functional approach to defining religion 9 6 2012 What is globalization Interdependence Growing interdependence of global political economic social and cultural networks Case study the death of Princess Diane Accessibility Shrinking of the world Technological advancement The world is at your finger tips Think of yourself as a consumer Historical processes Modernity European Enlightenment Humans are inherently rational beings Descartes Emphasis on scientific empiricism Bacon Hume Epistemological shift Shift on human nature Shift on destiny Elicited a strong sense of progress Industrialization Scientific progress Scientific discovery Inventions Mass production Rapid economic growth Emergence of the urban center Microcosms Colonialism Industrialization and the need for resources Exploitation Instability The sun never sets on the British empire 9 10 12 Homework Role of women in religion Three African traditions women participate in 1 Offering prayer for their families in particular and their communities in general There still are in many areas women priestesses 2 Women are often the practitioners who handle children s and other women s medical needs 3 In a young woman s first menstruation women participate in the ceremony that marks their first menstruation They also express their gratitude after childbirth Women essentially are very prevalent in religious and spiritual ceremonies and traditions Voodoo on the streets of New Orleans 1 vo du arrises from a word by the language of the Fon people in Africa Voodoo processes arise from African traditions within tribes The prophecies which come from the obi as in all the divination systems in Yoruba based voudou are binary only yes and no questions can be answered which require a series of inter rogatives Origination in western Africa Started in the south Came to America on slave ships Pretending to pray to Christian saints while praying to their own vo du gods aboard the slave ships Borrowed from native Indian cultures European witchcraft and other non voudou African slave religions 2 Lorraine being initiated Worshipers of santeria refer to initiates as yaguos a Cuban adaptation of iyawo a word from the Yoruba West of Africa which means both a mother and a child of the spirits Escorting the yaguos through various rituals making the corners of the market means walking the oblong perimeter and pausing at each of the corners so that Gary could throw the four coconut shell fragments and ask the spirits of the market for good fortune and success throwing obi coconut to retain signs either white or black flesh 9 11 12 African Indigenous Religions Cosmology Supreme deity Distant Creator god Cosmogonic myths Nuer Sudan Kwoth Nhial Yoruba Nigeria Benin Olorun Orishas African Traditions Lesser deities Variety of different personalities and appearances Yoruba Oshun Ogun Relationship with humans reciprocity yoruba ashe Intimate interaction spirit possession masks women Other ritual performances Birth and funeral rites Other coming of age ceremonies Sacrifice Healing Shamans Witchcraft Colonialism Expansion of Islam Slave Trade European Colonization Scramble for Africa African Indigenous Traditions and Western Scholarship Missionaries soldiers and government officials Science Origin of Species Evolutionary model of world religions Return to the origins of religion through indigenous traditions 9 13 2012 Indigenous Responses to Colonialism In Africa Xhosa cattle killing movement Nongqawsue In the Diaspora Religious syncretism Slavey Christianity official invisible Vodou Xhosa people slaughtered cattle in sacrifice because she thought the community was being at tacked by the British because of the internal use of witchcraft The way in which slaves in the south and Caribbean used religion to deal with their situation of slavery was religious hybridity Combining many forms of religion In the American south before the Civil War slaves typically participated in two different forms of religion Blacks outnumbered whites greatly Religious syncretism in the Caribbean Vodou in the Americas Misconceptions Popular culture creepy hexes voodoo dolls Blending of French Catholicism with AFrican traditions Similar cosmologies VODOU COSMOLOGY Bondye God Lwa Loa Saints Humans LWA First nation Rada Papa Legba associated with the Catholic Saint Lazarus Both guard the cross roads Second nation Gede The Lwa that strictly associated with death and dying The most popular of the Gede Baron Samedi in charge of transporting souls Samedi is associated with Saint Gerard the patron saint of child bearing Third nation Petwo Calling on the Petwo calling on them is serious do not call on them unless you know what you are doing Mama Lola Catholic who serves the Lwa Maria Laveau face of voodoo in New Orleans 9 18 2012 Bartoleme De Las Casas The colonialists appear friendly but soon their expectations are revealed and they want power money and slaves and they are extremely violent and essentially commit genocide The natives are excited to greet the colonialists and offer them gifts and even when their de mands are established the natives still generally comply i e copper coins To inform people of intolerance These natives were probably seen as inferior and savage to the colonialists and therefore killing them or taking advantage of them wasn t seen as so bad Misconceptions of Native Americans not necessarily so green or non violent The term Native American encompasses tons of socio economic systems languages and cul tures Four General characteristics of native american cultures Holistic culture 1 European conceptions of the sacred above and beyond the physical world 2 Native Americans viewed the sacred holistically the sacred is everywhere even in the physi cal world 3 Animism spirits animate the physical world The physical world is animated by the spiritual world Example Roger Williams protestant missionary who established Rhode Island Goal was to save and civilize the natives Kinship culture European nation states kingdoms Natives through relationships and associations and networks You belong to a community from your relationships in a
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