CHD3243 Contexts of Adolescent Development Exam 1 Study Guide Note this is a guide it is not intended to be an exhaustive list of exam topics Make sure to read all assigned chapters and view all videos lectures Chapter 1 Approaches to studying adolescents o cultural biological cognitive psychosexual social Page 5 Cultural known as the sociological approach This discusses cultural conditions that affect the youth Some of the largest contributors among youth is socioeconomic status and ethnicity This is seen especially in experiences of immigrant adolescents Shown in chapter 3 Biological This focus s on the process of sexual maturation and physical growth that takes place during puberty It involves maturation of both female and male sex organs the development of secondary characteristics neurological development and growth trends that take place in height weight and body composition during adolescence As the bodies of adolescents change they develop concern about their image physical attractiveness nutrition and size Shown in chapter 4 Refer back to body image discussion board Cognitive This deals with the qualitative changes that take place in the way adolescents think and reason and the quantitative changes that take place in attention memory and intelligence This also affects the adolescent s personality and behavior Researchers that are interested in this study the topics of learning problem solving decision making and IQ Shown in chapter 5 Psychosexual Deals with the development of emotions and of the self including the development of self concept gender role and identity It is also concerned with mental health and the effects of stress on the adolescent Adolescent s integrate newfound sexual feelings into their self concept and learn to manage their sexuality They also begin thinking about their ethnic heritage in new and more meaningful ways and begin to develop a mature ethical code Shown in chapters 6 and 7 Social This means social relationships This deals with the ways teenagers interact with members of their families They study parent adolescent communication and conflicts sibling relationships and parenting styles They study different family constellations single parent families blended families and adopted families Shown in chapter 10 mostly Cohorts generations Page 7 8 9 o Major adolescent cohorts and how society shaped their characteristics views etc Cohort a group of individuals who are born at approximately the same time and who share traits because they experienced the same historical events Each cohort has different characteristics The Lost Generation These people were adolescents or young adults during or just after World War 1 Born between mid 1880 s and 1900 They were CHD3243 Contexts of Adolescent Development Exam 1 Study Guide traumatized by the large number of casualties caused by the war and disdainful of their parents Victorian ideas about morality and propriety The G I Generation These were Americans who were children during the great depression and adolescents or young adults during World War 2 Many of these young people men and women were enlisted in the armed services Women who remained in the US took on many of the male occupations Ex Rosie the Riveter Rosie being a muscular woman wearing a bandana flexing her bicep The Silent Generation Born between 1925 and 1940 too late to serve in World War 2 and too early to be conservative and traditionalist Many hero s and icons come from this group Ex MLK Jr John Lennon Jerry Garcia The Baby Boomers This is the group that was born after World War 2 when soldiers came home and began their civilian lives Children of the GI generation These are a large cohort because of the high birth rate of that time They grew up in a fairly prosperous time and they comprised the first rock n roll generation Generation X The name reflects the generation s feelings of alienation and cynicism Small cohort children of the baby boomers They felt neglected by their parents who were constantly searching for self fullfillment Generation Y Born from about 1980 2000 Millennial Generation Too young to remember the Cold War and young enough to have computers Internet and cell phones being an integral part of your lives Parents were very child centered Generation Members of the most recent living generation consisting of those born after the year 2000 and are not adolescents yet They will be the first generation raised after 9 11 which is a time that feels a little different from the optimistic era from just before it They take for granted the first African American President Obama Employment Page 12 13 o General employment patterns Americans keep putting in more and more hours into their workdays This is partially from the higher standard of living Some families work two jobs to not only make ends meet but to make the standard of living The Internet has lengthened the average work day because people now take their jobs home These long hours cut into family time Working women are also an indicator of Americans trying to keep up with the high standard of living Single mothers are more likely to be employed This raises the demand for child care Some adolescents are expected to take over these motherly roles when the mother is working Adolescents are seeking jobs when they are of age but studies show they focus more on work than their schooling and waste their money on useless items Working after school is associated with declining academics Mass media surrounds children with high standards of living thus pressuring them to get jobs Adolescents from low income families Page 14 Children of families that are not able to keep up with the high standard of living often feel rejected because they do not have the prestige of other families Youth who comes from CHD3243 Contexts of Adolescent Development Exam 1 Study Guide extremely poor families are more likely to be non joiners in school activities and are much less likely to be elected for positions This leads to antisocial behavior and struggle of finding their identity Evolving family o General patterns marriage childrearing etc Page 16 17 Individuals are choosing to wait longer to marry The median age of men to marry in 1970 was 23 2 in 2008 it was 27 4 The median age for women to marry in 1970 was 20 8 and in 2008 it was 27 6 This is due to an increase in premarital sex and also an increase in nonmarital cohabitation Those who wait until their late twenties have a higher chance of marital
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