Chapter 11 Premarital Sexual Behavior CHD3243 Final Exam Study Guide o Less likely to have sex younger than 13 less likely to have 4 partners less likely to be currently sexual active compared to early 90s teens o Reasons for first intercourse 43 males opportunity 23 males in love 54 females in love 11 females opportunity Most teen girls lose virginity to steady boyfriend Some are forced the younger the girl the more likely force was involved o General sense of How many adolescents have had sex 70 of teens have had sex by age 19 Who they are having sex with age of partner relationship type Partners near own age 75 of teen girls first partner same age or 1 3 years older Most teens have sex with other teens or very young adults Sexual pluralism different individuals accept different standards of sexual behaviors PG 283 o Abstinence commitment friends with benefits ulterior motives for sex o abstinence the definition varies from indiv to indiv kissing only with affection kissing without affection necking no petting caressing of boobs but no genitals genital stimulation or mutual masturbation but no sex technical virgins no penis into vagina yes oral o intercourse with only affection commitment responsibility they are in love committed to each other accept responsibility and consequences of their actions responsibility can include use of contraception to prevent babies in case of accidental pregnancy willing to take responsibility for whatever course of action they pursue commitment interpretations vary some have sex only if engaged others only if they are going to get married others only if living together others only if exclusively dating o sex with affection commitment but NO responsibility in love committed to each other usually temporarily assume no real responsibility less likely to use birth control and less likely to have thought about pregnancy o sex with affection but NO commitment standard among many teens and common in college don t have sex unless in love or in like with each other may or may not show responsibility in using birth control AKA friends with benefits no plans promises for future affectionate having sex and that s it 50 60 undergrads are friends with benefits o Sex with NO affection Ppl who have sex with no emotional involvement or affection They have sex cuz they enjoy it nostringsattached Have sex for Pure physical enjoyment Ulterior motivations o To punish I m mad at you so I ll sleep with you out of spite sex is an expression of hostility anger revenge Some have sex to get pregnant to get even with parents or punish an ex o To win or return favors I spent money on you tonight what do I get I can t thank you enough for my present Giving sex as payment prostitution o To control behavior if I sleep with you you will stay with me Let s have a baby then our parents will have to let us marry o To build up the ego wait until they found out who I slept with last night I bet you 20 I can score I ll show you who is irresistible Sexual aggression and saying no to unwanted sex o It is quite common o 9 teens admit to being physical hurt by partner o Rates were highest for blacks for seniors in high school o 7 5 forced to have sex while being physically hurt o Forcible rape is most experience by females 11 than males 4 more common in blacks than whites and higher among older students o Rates are higher when coercive and forcible rape is counted b c in many cases physical violence is not used For example threats of violence or severe inebriation prevent a person legally consenting to sexual activity o Rates are much higher when unwanted sexual activity is considered Occurs when person consents to sex even though they would rather not Indiv sometimes feels obligated or afraid partner might end relationship Sometimes teens fear gay label if they don t take advantage of hetero sexual activity Sometimes disinhibited by drugs or alcohol Females use rejection strategies to avoid unwanted sexual activity Ignoring sexual signals Avoiding enticing behavior Avoiding intimidate situations Using divergence and distraction Making excuses Saying NO and other physical rejection I m not read yet I need an emotional relationship Threats I won t see you again if you don t stop I m leaving Some can say no more easily than others 2 500 10th grade white Hispanic and African amer teens found no racial or ethnic diffs in ability to say no Girls are more likely to believe they would say no to unwanted sex than boys Having a less permissive attitude towards sex giving low importance rating to peers and for females having a generalized sense of self efficacy are all factors of the ability to say no Contraceptives and STDs o Used inconsistently o Use of contraceptives is based on race ethnicity age and sexual orientation Black teens most likely to use condoms Older teens more likely to use the pill as well as white teens Gay teens are less likely to use condoms than straight teens o What kinds of contraceptives are adolescents most likely to use Condoms are most used form protect from pregnancy AND STDs Pill is the second most withdrawal is third o What are the most common STDs among adolescents Stds are very common 50 of new cases are found in young adults 25 y o Girls are at more risk than boys chlamydia and gonorrhea are most common More likely to be asymptomatic don t get help until damage has been done b c they didn t know More likely to contract if partner is infected than boys are o Why contraceptives are not used Teens report negative experiences with condoms A generalized disregard for risk don t interpret risk correctly cognitive development Personal fable feeling of invincibility Lack of self efficacy don t feel like they can self advocate for themselves feel like their partner will think they don t trust them if ask to use condom Unwillingness to take responsibility for oneself and perception that condoms are ineffective Weary about the 97 effective 3 ineffective Confusing if friend who was using condoms gets pregnant Underestimate effectiveness they determine that it s not worth it to use them if condoms not 100 always effective Users have to be knowledgeable of the method and willing to admit that they are sexually active teens don t believe pregnancy will happen to them Misinformed about when they are most likely to get pregnant o Access to contraceptives Can adolescents get contraceptives Became legal in 1977 buy condoms a the store without being carded and can go to dr and get
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