The Punjab Location in northern India Pakistan where Sikhism was founded Began in 15th century when there was conflict between Hindus and Muslims Sikh means disciple of God Nanak steward in a Muslim household A spiritual clerk Interested in the Sants means saints who are ascetics Goes into a river and disappears for 3 days family considers him to be dead Revises after 3 days and gained a universal truth there is no Muslim there is no Hindu Becomes the head leader of Sikhism a socially minded humane religion Makes a pilgrimage abandoned his family to meet with other gurus Speaks with other pious folks in their terms makes them more willing to change beliefs Known as supersessionism Christianity is a supersession from Judaism Individual discipline In the context of community Need for labor Founds a community called Kartapur Langar the communal meal offered after the worship service Nanak Panth following the path of Nanak that leads to goodness and unselfish humanity Angad Nanak s assigned successor chosen to prevent schisms Prepared by people from community coming together People of all ages or classes try to sit next to each other to push egalitarianism This meal represents class dissolving in the community A line of 10 gurus take power throughout this time which creates a continuous succession of authority 1606 The 5th guru is executed martyred by the Mughal dynasty 6th guru forms new tradition of having the guru wear 2 swords at once One is a symbol of spiritual authority and the other is temporal authority But also a more literal sense of becoming militant 9th guru is executed by another emperor At the execution Sikhs go into hiding 10th guru is upset at their cowardice 10th guru named Gobind Singh purifies religion separating the faithful from the cowards Singh asks for 5 volunteers pretending to sacrifice them but they end up alive They become the Pure 5 the men who are willing to die for their faith This order is known as Khalsa They wear 5 special things to have them stand out Gurus from everyone Singh dies without naming a successor so places authority in the Khalsa New Authority Guru Panth authority invested in a community Khalsa not one guy Authority in text Adi Granth God as guru the voice of God in one s mind as a form of authority One s decision making is guided by his conscience Beliefs 1 Monotheistic Akal Purakh means One Beyond Time 2 3 4 5 6 The god is more transcendent than the judeo Christian god The Nam represents the transcended image of Akal Purakh People are blinded by selfishness and cannot feel god here A Presence the Name Nam A B Samsara Sansar people are trapped because of their selfishness God s will He is more than karma has sovereignty to release you from samsara A God s will is known as hukam B Union between your soul and god called Sahaj A God sent word shabad and people to spread the message gurus A Gurus push people to wake up and realize that the presence of god is around you B Key practice Nam simaran remembering the Name Creates a mystical aspect of Sikhism Has a sense of grace Opposite of Nam simaran Haumai force of worldliness The evil that pushes people away from ultimate goal Text the Adi Granth Adi Granth a name for the text Guru Granth Sahib the text means Honorable Scripture 7 Written in verse divided in 3 major collections liturgical prayers used for worship A B Musical patterns C Poetry Khalsa expansion to the mainstream 1950 Sikhs create an organization called SGPC During this time India becomes independent from Britain Pakistan separates as a Muslim state and takes half of the Punjab region G stands for Gurdwara C stands for Committee Gurdwara means house of worship Sikh Rahit Maryada a Manual of orthodoxy is published reaffirming the beliefs All Sikhs will follow the Khalsa practices Includes women and men 1970s nationalism rises Govt And Sikhs argue over whether they are considered Hindu or not because of underepresentation in parliament 1984 occupation Operation Blue Star govt comes in and controls Sikh buildings Prime minister is assassinated by Sikh bodyguards Mob violence rises Sikh violence turns to Canada Today Sikhs are still not considered a religious group
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