REL1300 Final Exam Study Guide Anatman One of the three marks of existence meaning no self Draws attention to the psychological implications of that existential impermanence Pg 386 Arhat Worthy ones saints Ideal in Theravada Buddhism Being awakened perceives world as is Reached nirvana through following teachings of Buddha Pg 377 Atman Human soul Self essence of you Core nature in you that passes through rebirth hope to achieve liberation May or may not be identical to cosmic reality Hindu term Innermost essence of each individual Pg 283 Ayurvedic Medicine Ayur meaning life and Veda meaning science or knowledge Indian body of medical knowledge Air bile and phlegm can be out of balance that is major cause of illness Halfway between religion and medicine Pg 295 Bhakti Movement within Hinduism Early use of vernacular languages Devotion to single deity Focus on particular deity with hope that deity power will save you good fortune Pg 298 South Indian Tamil devotional literature Tamil language and ethnic group Importance of Shiva North Indian Tended to conceptualize the deity without attributes Influence on Sikhs Kabir ambiguous figure poet leader Bodhisattva Ideal in Mahayana Buddhism A being God human or animal on path to full Buddhahood marked by vows to achieve Buddhahood Pg 379 Buddha Achieve full enlightenment on their own out of great compassion teach dharma and sangha One of the three jewels of Buddhism Pg 373 Guru Granth Sahib Sahib means honored revered Granth means book 10th Guru was Guru Granth The revered book Guru Pg 452 Karma Hinduism and Buddhism As you perform actions karma accumulates Karma invites retribution and in future life is paid off Buddhist path leads to awakening from karma such as giving alms or going to festivals Pg 374 Krishna Avatara incarnation of the god Vishnu Described as young infant usually playing flute Bhagavata purana religious devotion Ladies man Pg 286 Vinaya Buddhist Scripture One of the three parts that make up the Tripitaka Monastic rules for monks and nuns Mahayana Great vehicle brings liberation to all beings One of the two main existing branches of Buddhism Offered lay people the opportunity to strive for enlightenment and liberation Developed a framework in which he represented only one manifestation of Buddhahood Mahayana populated the heavens with bodhisattvas dedicated to helping all those who prayed to them for assistance Pg 393 Mandala Represents gods and goddesses and the cosmos are drawn on the floor and used as objects of meditation and ritual Pg 295 Mantra Acoustic essence of Buddha deity sound Form of sound used during meditation and other rituals Makes deity present in form of sound Sacred syllables or phrases that are believed to bring great spiritual blessings when properly spoken or chanted Pg 408 Moksha Hinduism term used for liberation escape from cycle A state of complete detachment from the world a state from which communication with those still in the cycle of samsara is impossible Pg 343 Nirvana Result of awakening Not experiencing suffering Karma is extinguished Process of rebirth is extinguished Your physical body is the remainder Pg 381 Ramayana Story of Rama Epic poem Protagonist Prince Rama goes to war with demonic being Demonic being captures wife Sita Rama is avatar of Vishnu Sita is avatar of Vishnu s wife Pg 284 285 Samsara Cycle of rebirth By nature would be endless always happening Marked by suffering Thus the cycle of karma implies a continuing cycle of death and rebirth or reincarnation Pg 283 Shiva Shiva expresses the manifold aspects of his power by appearing simultaneously in paradoxical roles as creator and destroyer Hindu deity Pg 289 Siddhi Ideal being in Buddhism according to Vadriana Gained great power through pursuit of Buddhist path achieve worldly goals or spiritual non worldly goals Sramana People who reject traditional householder life Gave birth to traditions we don t associate with Hinduism such as Buddhism Siddhartha before awakening Religious ascetic Vishnu Hindu deity Avatars to intervene in the world including Prince Rama One of the three main sects of Hinduism Soma Mushroom A hallucinogenic and goddess Pg 281 Sutra A precept summarizing Vedic teachings Buddhist Mahayana uses Theravada Tripitaka 3 baskets Words of Buddha discourses Buddha speaking on something Tantra Refers both to a body of ritual practices and to the texts prescribing and interpreting them which are said to be independent of the Vedic tradition Same structural form of Sutra claiming words of Buddha Goes against laws and customs goes against rules Contains instructions for society Pg 294 295 Theravada Conservative school Buddhist Southeast south Asia Language Pali Oldest set of Buddhist scriptures The Teachings of Elders Pg 392 Tripitika Three baskets of sacred texts Sutra Vinaya abhidharma Pg 389 Upanishads Hinduism framed with Vedas sitting near the teacher Pg 278 Varna Hindu caste system Brahmin priest landholders wealthy mouth is cosmic body Kshatriya warriors and rulers arm of cosmic body Siddhartha Vaisyas merchants farmers artisans thigh is cosmic body Shudra peasants farmers laborers sole of foot is cosmic body Untouchables no comic body unclean physical contact with dead body Vajrayana Third major branch of Buddhism Quick and dangerous Geographically associated with Tibet north central Asia Third vehicle of Buddhism Vajra means diamond and thunderbolt Diamond can t be defeated Thunderbolt can t be resisted Weapon of India Quick and dangerous path to enlightenment Quick meaning a life span Pg 407 Vedas Hinduism scriptures From the Sanskrit for knowledge These are the works colectivelt known as shruti that which was heard Pg 278 Yoga The way of action karma yoga is the path of unselfish duty performed neither in fear of punishment nor in hope of reward The way to liberation is also a discipline yoga The way of devotion bhakti yoga Pg 286 287 Life of the Buddha 2500 years ago Queen Maya dreams elephant walks into her side and he was born out the right side of his mother Raised mostly by stepmother because mother dies seven days after he was born He was told he d be a spiritual leader 32 marks took a step said something and returned to be a baby Lotus blossomed as he stepped webbed feet soles of feet resembled wheels To prevent him from becoming a Buddha his father sheltered him from all suffering The 4 sights and Great Departure One day he escapes from his handlers Sees a sick man old man corpse and ascetic
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