REL 1300 19 Introduction to World Religions Spring 2012 Final Exam Study Guide Key Terms For each of the key terms provided be able to provide the meaning context and importance for the traditions with which they are associated At the very least you should be able to identify these terms in matching and fill in the blank questions Key Concepts Questions These are more specific concepts and questions to think about in preparing for the exam These questions may appear in short answer true or false or multiple choice formats I Judaism A Key Terms Tanak term used by Jews as a canon to the Hebrew Bible Documentary Hypothesis J Source Divine name Uses YHWH Oldest source 10th century during the reign of Solomon Emphasis on traditions important to Judah southern Fullest of sources E Source Divine name Elohim until Exodus 3 Date 9th century after the split of the kingdom Emphasis on traditions important in the northern part of Israel Style somber indicative of national crisis such as the split of the kingdoms in 922 BCE P Source Favorite divine name Elohim until Exodus 3 Latest source 6th 5th century Final editor of the already existing sources Emphasis on religious observance and ritual Reflects the situation during and after the time of the Exile post exilic period Concerned with the reinstitution of national order High literary style poetic elevated language ordered D Source Located only in Deuteronomy Date 7th century cf 2 Kings 22 8 A time of religious revolution and renewed adherence to the covenant A series of sermons from Moses to the new generation of Israel east of the Jordan River before his death Deuteronomic theology obedience brings divine blessing disobedience brings a divine curse In both E and P God is known only as elohim until the divine name was revealed to Moses Ex 6 2 3 This inconsistency about whether or not God was known as Yahweh before the time of Moses made it possible to isolate various sources in Genesis and once this was done to identify other characteristics that the sources had apart from the differences in the divine name This was then used to differentiate them in the books of the Pentateuch after Genesis where all sources regularly uses YHWH Covenant a formalized relationship governed by terms and conditions Abrahamic Covenant Calling The threefold promise of God to Abraham Land Decedents and Blessing The land is never met cf Gen 15 18 Each part of the threefold promise is fulfilled or partially fulfilled in a complex and indirect way Maccabean Revolt History of Judah 175 143 BCE Guerilla war led by Mattathias and his 5 sons Mattathias is killed succeeded by Judas the Maccabee ruled 5 years Gained control of Jerusalem in 164 purified the temple Origin of Hanukkah Judas succeeded by brother Jonathan beginning of Hasmonean dynasty Held power in Judea until the Roman conquest under Pompey in 63 Pharisee The most popular sect representing the middle classes They exorcised their power through the influence they had in the synagogue in Judaea They interpreted scripture more broadly and tried to establish principles and procedures for scriptural interpretation which eventually developed into the oral torah and the rabbinic laws and Talmud They were very punctilious about rules for purity and tithing because of their interpretation of scripture Synagogue temple where Jews go to worship Midrash interpretation tries to fill in gaps in the bible Oral torah Moses Mishnah Two schools Hillel and Shammai Mishnah midrashic text rabbi Judah the prince Talmud Mishnah fixed and interpreted From single volume Mishnah to multi volume Talmuds Babylonian and Palestinian Talmuds Torah oral law Exodus God is author of these events Captivity under the pharaoh Plagues sent by god Parting of the red sea Slavery to peaople of destiny Passover festival 10 commandments Kabbalah set of esoteric teachings meant to explain the relationship between Ein Sof no end and the mortal and finite universe his creation Sabbath Sundown Friday Sundown Saturday Day of rest Day for song prayer and contemplation Sign of the covenant Sabbath meal singing psalms hymns and special songs Attend synagogue Kosher Ritually acceptable food Meat drained of blood instant death for animal No pig animals birds of prey Yom Kippur day of atonement Solemn day of contemplation fasting moral inventory Zionism form of nationalism of Jews that support the Jewish state of Israel B Key Concepts Questions 1 Creation accounts in Genesis 1 vs Genesis 2 How do they differ and how is this related to the Documentary Hypothesis Genesis 1 more structured and defines the number of days that God took to create everything Man and women were created simultaneously after everything Genesis 2 Adam was first creation of God Eve last Relates to Documentary Hypothesis because in Priestly source God creates with his words while in the Yahwist source God interacts and creates 2 Maccabean Revolt Understand causes significance and relationship to Hanukkah Guerilla war led by Mattathias and his 5 sons Mattahias gets killed and is succeeded by Judas Judas purified the temple which is the origin of Hanukkah Revolt was caused because Mattathias refused to worship Greek gods after Antiochus forbid Jewish religion 3 Pharisaism and the origins of the Rabbinic movement How did the Pharisees lay the foundation for the Rabbinic movement The Pharisee vision of Jewish law as a means by which ordinary people could engage with the sacred in their daily lives provided them with a position form which to repost to all four challenges in a meaningful way to the vast majority of Jews Argued that all Israel should act as priests and the Rabbis argues that all Israel should act as rabbis 4 What is the Talmud and why is it significance for Jewish tradition Central text of Jewish law two parts Mishnah and Gemara Gemara is the basis for all codes of Rabbinic law six orders 5 In what sense might Jews consider themselves to be God s chosen people How is this related to the concepts of Torah and Covenant God chose the Children of Israel in His wisdom and for His purpose And made His covenant with them This covenant requires the Children of Israel not to practice idolatry and to live their lives according to the commandments 6 The Exodus and the meaning of Passover holiday The ancient Israelites were freed from slavery in Egypt Exodus Passover begins on the 15th day of the month of Nisan and commemorates the story of the Exodus The Exodus talks about how God freed the
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