Final Exam Review Rel1300 I Judaism Key Terms i Tanak Simply another name for the Hebrew Bible ii Documentary Hypothesis states that the Pentateuch was derived from original complete narratives 1 Sources Yahwist source Elohist source The deutoronomic source Priestly source iii Covenant a formalized agreement governed by binding conditions iv Abrahamic Covenant the calling of Abraham sign of this covenant is circumcision v Maccabean Revolt War led by Matthias and his five sons gained control of Jerusalem in 164 and purified the temple vi Pharisee was at various times in Jewish history a political party comprised of priestly figures vii Synagogue A Jewish house of prayer temple Meeting place for study of rituals and scriptures viii Midrash method of Jewish biblical exegesis Attempts to maintain gaps between biblical texts Two schools are Hillel and Shammai ix Mishna a midrashic text first major redaction of the Jewish oral traditions x Talmud Mishna fixed and interpreted Multi volumes are Talmud composition mishna and gemarah aggadah are moral lessons in story form xi Torah includes the Pentateuch and oral laws of mishna midrash and Talmud xii Exodus Jews were made Egyptian slaves God sent plagues to Egypt to set the Jews free and parted the red sea to help them escape xiii Kabbalah replaced the heavenly journey with a journey into the self zohar is the principle text of kabbalah 10 spherot spheres emanations of god goal is to align spherots through rituals and good deeds xiv Sabbath sundown Friday through sundown on Saturday a day of no work and lots of rest also day for song and prayer Sabbath meal includes singing psalms hymns and special Sabbath songs xv Kosher in relation to acceptable foods and the processes in which they are slaughtered Must be drained of blood and animal must have instant death Unkosher foods pigs animals or birds of prey and shellfish xvi Yom Kippur Day of atonement solemn day of fasting contemplation and moral inventory xvii Zionism movement to form a modern nation in the holy land of isreal Desire to bring back Hebrew as a national identity b Key concepts i Creation Accounts Genesis 1 vs Genesis 2 How do they differ and how do they relate to the documentary hypothesis 1 Style poetry vs prose Name of God Elohim vs Yahweh elohim Character of God Distant and Transcendent vs Immanent and anthromorphic Modes of Creation spoken word vs fashioned with His hands Order of Creation Male and female at same time vs male created before female 2 Documentary hypothesis states that genesis is the unveiling of one mind and not moses or God s It also states that different editors had influence on Genesis The name used for God is considered an indicator of different editors ii Maccabean Revolt the causes significance and relationship to Hanukah 1 It was a guerilla war lead by Matthias and his sons attacked and executed any and all that were worshiping pagan gods including Jews who were doing so When he died he left his son Judas in charge This revolt was also the origin of Hanukkah iii Pharisaism and origins of Rabbanic Movement How did the Pharisees lay the foundation for the Rabbanic Movement 1 The Pharisees practiced using G d as the written form of God This provided multiple available interpretations of the word by Rabbi s iv What is the Talmud and why is it significant for Judaism 1 The Talmud consists of the Mishna and the Gemara which is the oral traditions of the Torah The Talmud further explains the laws of Judaism v In what sense might Jews consider themselves to be God s chosen people How is this related to the concepts of Torah and Covenant 1 Many reasons that the Jewish faith consider themselves to be the chosen people are found within the Torah and also the covenant with Abraham These could lead the people to believe that they are the chosen ones because God gave them specifically these items and also they were seen to be under his constant protection vi The Exodus and The Passover holiday 1 The Exodus happened when the Egyptian Pharaoh enslaved the Jewish community and God sent 7 plagues to Egypt and eventually the Pharaoh released them The origin of The Passover was during the plagues on the night before the exodus moses commanded that the jewish people put lamb blood on their doors so that they would be passed over while the Egyptian boys would die vii What are the spherots of Kabbalah and how do they relate to Kabbalistic scriptural interpretation and ritual practice 1 The spherots of Kabbalah are the emanations of God and objects of meditation the goal of Kabbalah is to align these spherots through pius deeds rituals and mystical meditations viii What are the procedures for conversion in Judaism 1 Considering Judaism finding a rabbi learning Judaism the religious court circumcision immersion the offering choosing a name and the public ceremony ix Be able to identify the main points of difference between Reform Conservative and Orthodox Judaism 1 Orthodox believe God gave Moses the written and oral Torah believe it contains 613 mitzvot commandments Strictly observe Jewish law while integrating into society 2 Reform Believe the Torah was written by many different human sources Does not follow all of Jewish law but is consistent with most 3 Believes that the Torah comes from God and was transmitted by humans giving it a human element Generally accepts the binds of Jewish law but also believes law should adapt II Christianity Key terms i Synoptic Problem how to account for the grammatical similarities between the synoptic gospels ii Logos in the gospel of John logos means the word of Jesus iii Gnosticism comes from greek word gnosis which means knowledge generally teaches that salvation is possible through gains of special knowledge iv Creed important in Christian self understanding since early Christianity v Council of Nicaea convened by the emperor Constantine first attempt at an assembly to gain consensus in the church vi Trinity God the father Jesus the son and the Holy Spirit vii Christology study of the nature and person of Christ in relation to the nature and person of god the father viii Pope Successors of peter and leader of the head of the Catholic Church centered in Rome ix Crusades military campaigns where latin Christians from western Europe were attempting to regain Jerusalem from muslim control Imacculate conception Christian belief that mary was born without original sin x xi Mortal sin deprives the soul from Gods grace penance and
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