Biology Plant Review Algae Diatom single celled algae Silica cell wall does NOT decay 50 70 of atmospheric oxygen comes from them Type of plankton free floating organism in the water column The Extremes Tallest organism Redwood Oldest Trees Bristlecone Pine Linnaeus Binomial nomenclature invented Genus Species Chapter Two Plant Uses Centuy Plant Agaue Tequila Baobab Tree Hallow trunk used for businesses Post Office Jails Rope Holds 100 gallons of water Coconut White lining and fluid endosperm Dried flesh Copra Brown fibers coir Mulberry Source of original popes Native to China Bamboo Shoots can be used for building or food Flower at the end of their loves and dies Cannabis Medical reduces glaucoma pressure nausea Recreational Fibers layer just outside wood Seed Oil in cooking or burning lamps Seeds edible Cannabis Genus Oldest domes treated plant Three varieties Cannabis sativa tallest Cannabis indiea bushy Cannabis ruderalis unbranched and small Chapter Three Breadfruit Can be buried to eat later Taken FROM POLYNESIA Taken TO WEST INDIES Slaves refused to eat it Use of Plants Inventionist people from around the world discovered uses for plants on their own Evidence willow bark aspirin used in Egypt and by Native Americans Diffusionist One society learned to use plants and the knowledge diffused to other regions Evidence Sweet Potatoes Originated in New World mounded in New Zealand Cotton 2 types of hair Lint and fuzz lint makes cloth The best cottons Old world diploid 2n new world tetraploid Good evidence for dispersionist Connects old and new world Wheat Endosperm nutritive tissue of seed fruit Wheat Germ embryo itself Wheat Bran seed coat Variations Durham tetraploid good for pastas Bread Wheat hexaploid Also known as soft hard winter summer Rice Grown in SE Asia When grown with water fern productivity RAISES Corn Varieties Flint Corn brought on Mayflower Dent Corn indentation when dries Flow Corn source for flower tortillas Sweet Corn eaten by humans Corn Hybrid vigor aka heteross Function in hybrid is better than either parent Corn is very easy to hybridize because it s dioecious New World Potatoes Leaves are toxic Originally from South America Even though it s called the Irish America 1845 Potato Blight Tomato New world species Includes eggplants and red bell pepper Belladonna Manihot Very Poisonous hydrogragen cyanide If roots are boiled and smashed its safe for ingestion Large Chinese finger traps are used to prepare the root Spurse family Taro Used to make Hawaii poi Yams Asia old world Cortizone was the hormones thing Carrot family Edible celery and parsley stem Angelica medicinal Hemlock killed socrates Pea Family Enigsh Pea Native to Europe Medek s plants New World Beans Castor bean is not a member Peanut Originated in SA Posinous Peas Wisteria native to china Precatory bean rosary pea Malalueca Australian native Introduced to dry up the everglades Burning the plant only releases its seeds Biological Control Hits targeted plant and doesn t spread to other plants Preferred to pesticides St Johns Wort Beetles ate the plants Prickley pear cactus New world species taken to Australia where it became a weed when the insect wouldn t eat it Poison Types Alkaloids Carolina Jasmine Belladonna Poison hemlock Glycosides Wild Cherry Coumarin Oleander Foxglove the water hemlock does NOT contain alkaloids it has resinoids instead Spurge Family spurge PRODUCES LATEX ISED BY BEGGARS FOR faux leprosy manihot manioc an important starchy food source from the American tropics Castor beans Heath Family Mostly poisons no edibles Includes the mountain laurel Has toxic resinoids Includes azaleas and rhododendren Tomato Family Lots of poisons lost of edibles Recall deadly nightshade and tobacco Mandrake Henbane Jimson weed Foxglove Contains cardiac glycosides Antidote for monkshood poison Willow bark Where we get aspirin Inventionism Malaria Can be treated by cinchona bark The plant from which quinine is derived from conchona bark Peru Leprosy SE Asia Treated by CHALMOOGRA TREE Edema Foxglove retention of fluids n the body Pain poppy Heart disease foxglove Dysentarry ipecac peas edible pea bean soybean lentil Not precatory wisteria locoweed coffeeweed Tomato Edible eggplant pepper tomato Not deadly nightseed henbane tobacco datara Carrot Edible Not hemlock New world Butter Cups poisions monkands banebeny Heath family posions mtn laurel azealea rhododendron Chemical that cames them posions vesinoids Manihot Corn Chili pepper Irish potato Plyote Old World English pea Periwinkles disease lucemia and cancer Panacea cure all ginseng Quinine plant cinchona disease malaria peru nw Hallucinogenic plants Old world Evgot fugus that effects some plants WEED thc no nitrogen glandules hairs of the female plant Datura Bellenina Old World Psilocycle Mushroom Astic culture Peyote San pedro native to nw but weeds in the old world 6 questions on woods Green Revolution Can we feed the world through this Massive food Population Bomb World wide famine Monoculture High yields but high maintenance Loss of genetic and dietary variety Ecosystem complexity Proteins Legumes Single Cell Proteins plankton Origins of Food Plants New Word vs Old World Irish Potato came from South America Corn new World Wheat and Rice old world Origins of Medicinal Plants New World vs Old World Fungi antibiotics ergot poisonous but also something Familys Edibles and Poisons E pea bean soybean lentil P precatory wisteria locoweed Tomato E potato egg plant chili pepper P nightshade henbane tobacco Carrot Parship celery dill Hemlock water hemlock EDIBLE FUNGI Morels and truffles 1 Latex Milky luqid vs Resin Clear and sticky 2 Apomixus dandylion Heterosis Corn Polyoloidy Better Cottons 3 Genetics vs Environment why it survives 4 Ecosystem a Complex many species stable b Simple fe unstable 5 Monoculture a Productivity vs Stability b Mariculture want to increase protectivity important in world Dug up truffles Cotton before mayflower Ring wood spring wood and summer wood Climate and time with tree growth rings False about alokides all of these above Pine wood polk wood Pine wood contain reisn Alague New world spice plant bell pepper Monoculture One unstable Bugs don t eat up everything Reduction in diet Pine wood lacks vessiles Plant from mexico telliqilla agobbie Heart wood
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