The process of translating ligand receptor interaction into changes in cellular function or gene expression Baby bio exam 2 questions 1 Signal Transduction 2 Is there a shot for the AIDs infection No shot 3 What is the virus that causes mad cow protein 4 What was the virus that caused the black death in Europe bacterial infection yersinia pests 5 What is the virus for the spanish influenza H1N1 6 Something about if you put something through a filter what would remain A filter with 0 2 micron size pores effectively remove bacterial contamination 7 Why do RNA viruses have higher mutation rates than DNA viruses RNA mutates because it has a low fidelity 8 Steps of virus cycle the virus binds to a receptor entry and uncoating early gene expression replication of viral genome late gene expression assembly of viral progeny exit 9 Something about proton pumps membrane fusion and viral entry 10 Something about cocktail therapy virus maturation assembly 11 Which of the following will most likely inhibit viral entry 12 How many people in the world currently have HIV Proton pumps 30 40 Million 13 EM Topography is The CT scan of viruses The samples is tilted the microscope scanner stays stationary 14 Packaging signals The packaging signal for a retrovirus is Answer RNA as a genome 15 HIV does not enter through respiratory system 16 Viruses are caused by environmental and human changes 17 CD4 T Cells which are important for both antibody and cytotoxic T cell based immunity are gradually depleted by HIV infection True 18 Tears in your eyes or mucus in your respiratory tract are known as what type of defense Chemical Defense and physical barrier 19 How to prevent SARS Quarantine and travel restrictions SARS 20 Varicella zoster virus is named after The diseases it causes 21 What interferon s do Inteferons will bind to receptors and produce signal transduction pathway This establishes an antiviral statein the infected cell 22 What viral receptors do a cell surface molecule that is bound by a virus to mediate its entry into host cells 23 Why do viruses need to use repeating units for building virions hint a virion is many many times larger than a single protein 24 Know what envelope proteins are and what they re made of virus encode proteins displayed on the membrane surface of the virion These proteins are typically glycoproteins having sugars added to them 25 What is not in a nucleotide Nucleic acids 26 know the difference between electron light microscopes 27 know that angstrom is the smallest 28 how many people die each year from HIV 1 2 million 29 the question about DNA double helix with an antiparallel arrangement antiparallel arrangement 30 understand what metastable is a long lived stable state that is less stable than the most stable lowest energy state 31 PAMP question dsRNA 32 there s something about why flu virus strains come back each year mutation 33 HIV can be transmitted through sexual contact blood and mother child transmission All the above 34 know that you can t have a double stranded genome type with one strand of DNA and one strand of RNA 35 what virus is related to yellow fever Acute viral hemorraphic diease mosquito borne virus 36 enceohalitis affects the nervous system 37 HIV CCR5 38 SARS is a new virus 39 microtubule MT microfilament MF IF belong in cytoskeleton 40 primary cells don t last as long 41 structure of a protein 42 EM tomograph CT scan 43 endosome will give you acidic ph level 44 steps for endocytosis 1 Receptor binding 2 Pit formation 3 Membrane pinching off endosome formation 4 Acidification of endosomes 5 Receptor recycling 6 Fusion with lysosomes 45 newly discovered gene dengue hemorrhagic 46 Cocktail something targets what stage of HIV viron maturation assembly 48 Protein pump what stage does it help normally needed for cells to recycle materials are used to deliver protons H into the endosomes lowing the pH and triggering membrane fusion and viral entry 49 SARS how to best help pandmemic quarantine and travel restrictions 50 Know what diseases are NOT from Mosquito bites eloby 51 Which of these is a newly discovered disease not discovered in a new place 52 Genoviral is in humans true 53 HIV Herpes and HPV are STDs 54 Interferons question 55 Sweat is barrier 56 Vaccine is learned immunity 57 Why is RNA more mutated 58 the disadvantage of using primary instead of immortalized cell lines Primary cells isolated from target tissue organ of infection Primary cells come directly from humans They do not grow long so they are short lived in the cell 60 What doesn t belong Civets bats SARS waterfowls waterfowls What s in a virion RNA or DNA genome packaged within a protein coat and in some cases a lipid envelope Process of translating ligand receptor interaction into changes in cellular function or gene expression What caused the Black Death Bacteria yersinia pests What caused the Spanish flu influenza H1N1 Signal transduction Steps of a virus life cycle 1 Virus binds to a receptor 2 Entry and uncoating 3 Early gene expression 4 Replication of viral genome 5 Late gene expression 6 Assembly of viral progeny 7 Exit What virus is related to yellow fever Dengue and WNV o Both are caused by mosquito borne viruses Which isn t in a nucleotide Nucleic acid other choices were phosphate group nitrogenous bases and pentose sugar What is filtered in a 02 filter something to this extent Not entirely sure about this answer but in the study guide it says Micron Bacterial and eukaryotic cells filter with 0 2 micron size pores effectively remove bacterial contamination What do interferons do The question is which is something interferons do not do but it s whatever isn t listed here EM topography When you tilt the slide but the microscope stays in place o Ex CT scan Why viruses can lead to cancer An Oncogenic virus is one that whose infection leads to cancer o It transforms the cell and stops cell death o Cell transformation and immortalization o Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes What causes Mad Cow Disease Prion which is not a virus but instead a protein Bind to receptors Produce signal transduction pathways Establish an antiviral state in an infected cell What virus does not affect the respiratory system HIV What is not true about protein envelopes Which will probably inhibit viral entry There is a vaccine that protects against HIV T F Proton pumps False Why does RNA have a higher mutation rate The enzymes used to copy RNA genomes have low fidelity during replication What
View Full Document
Unlocking...