Abnormal Psychology CLP 4143 Noah Venables FSU Exam 4 1 KEY TERMS Chapter 8 Learning Objectives o Delusions of thought insertion beliefs that one s thoughts are being o Psychosis unable to tell difference between what is real and what is unreal o Schizophrenia disorder of unreal or disorganized thoughts and perceptons as well as verbal cognitive behavioral deficits o Positive symptoms schizophrenia delusions hallucinations disorganized or catatonic behavior disorganized thought speech o Delusions ideas that an individual believes are true but are highly unlikely and often simply impossible o Persecutory delusions people believe they are being watched or tormented by people they know or by agencies in authority with whom they have never had direct contact o Delusions of reference people believe that random events or comments by o Grandiose delusions beliefs that one is a special being or possesses special others are directed at them powers controlled by outside forces voices music sight outside of the person s body inside of the person s body o Auditory hallucinations most common more in women than men hearing o Visual hallucinations second most common are accompanied by auditory o Tactile hallucinations involve perception that something is happening to o Somatic hallucinations involve perception that something is happening o Formal thought disorder disorganized thinking of people with o Catatonia disorganized behavior that reflects unresponsiveness to the o Negative symptoms losses deficits in certain domains o Affective flattening blunted affective emotional responses to the o Alogia poverty of speech a reduction of speaking o Avolition inability to persist at common goal directed activities work schizophrenia world environment school home o Prodromal symptoms symptoms that are present before people go into the o Residual symptoms symptoms that are present after they emerge from the acute phase of schizophrenia acute phase o Paranoid schizophrenia have prominent delusions hallucinations that involve themes of persecution and grandiosity o Disorganized schizophrenia do not have well formed delusions or hallucinations o Catatonic schizophrenia variety of motor behaviors ways of speaking that suggest almost complete unresponsiveness to their environment o Undifferentiated schizophrenia have symptoms that meet the criteria for schizophrenia but do not meet criteria for paranoid disorganized or catatonic o Residual schizophrenia have had at least one acute episode of acute positive symptoms of schizophrenia but do not currently show any prominent positive symptoms o Schizoaffective disorder mix of schizophrenia and a mood disorder o Schizophreniform disorder requires individuals meet Criteria A D and E for schizophrenia but show symptoms that last only 1 6 months o Brief psychotic disorder sudden onset of delusions hallucinations disorganized speech and or disorganized behavior o Delusional disorder have delusions lasting at least 1 month regarding situations that occur in real life being followed poisoned deceived by a spouse or a disease o Shared psychotic disorder delusions from relationship with someone who already has delusions o Phenothiazine or neuroleptics drugs to reduce schizophrenia symptoms o Mesolimbic pathway subcortical part of brain involved in cognition and emotion o Social drift schizo symptoms interfere with a person s ability to complete an education and hold down a job drift downward in social class compared to a class of family of origin o Expressed emotion overinvolved w one another overprotective voice self sacrificing attitudes while being critical hostile and resentful o Chlorpromazines class of drugs called phenothiazines calms agitation reduces hallucinations delusions 2 Prevalence of schizophrenia 1 2 lifetime in US 5 2 worldwide more common in men Women onset late 20s to early 30s men onset around 21 women have better prognosis show fewer cognitive deficits 3 There are two types of symptoms positive and negative Positive are added experiences and negative are absences of behaviors 4 There are 6 types of delusions 1 Persecutory fear of persecution 2 Reference random events of oneself 3 Grandiose great power knowledge truth 4 Guilt or sin terrible act event 5 Somatic body diseased altered 6 Being controlled thoughts feelings behaviors imposed controlled by external force There are 4 types of hallucinations 1 Auditory voices 2 Visual accompanied with auditory 3 Tactile outside body 4 Somatic inside body Formal thought disorder is word salad and neologisms making up words that only have meaning to him her Disorganized behavior is only unpredictable and un triggered sweating shouting Catatonia is disorganized behaviors a lack of responsiveness 5 environment 1 Affective Flattening absence of affective emotional responses to 2 Alogia poverty of speech reaction in speaking 3 Avolition inability to persist common goal directed activities work school home 6 Schizophrenia is debilitating 1 prodromal phase symptoms present before criteria is met 2 acute active psychosis 3 residual phase symptoms present after acute phase 7 Patients can present with different symptoms not one uniform disease DSM 5 no longer recognizes subtypes all under one diagnosis 8 Life Expectancy is shorter by 10 years 50 80 of hospitalized will be re hospitalized higher rates of suffering infectious circulatory diseases 10 15 commit suicide high relapse women see question 2 9 Schizoaffective mix of mood SZ symptoms SZ delusions hallucinations disorganized speech behavior and or negative symptoms Mood major depressive episode manic episode or mixed mania depression Schizophreniform rare SZ symptoms 1 6 months Criteria A D E delusional disorder rare delusions 1 month regarding situations followed poisoned deceived by spouse disease 10 Genetic component to transmission of SZ no single genetic abnormality different genes different symptoms 50 concordance rates in MZ twins 14 concordance rates in DZ twins 50 if both parents have SZ offspring will 11 Enlarged ventricles prefrontal cortex limbic system hippocampus neurotransmitters overactive underactive DA in mesolimbic prefrontal 12 UNKNOWN 13 Social drift downward stress relapse family expressed emotion 14 drug therapies neuroleptics antipsychotic drugs huge side effects Neuroleptics treat symptoms 15 Cognitive behavior treatments family therapy increase social connections problem solving skills
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