CLP 4143 Abnormal Psychology Study Questions Dr M Licht Learning Objectives for Topic X What are Eating Disorders their causes and treatments Readings for this topic include all of Chapter 10 A Know all KEY TERMS Key Terms are the boldfaced terms in the text and listed at end of chapter Definitions for most of these terms also can be found in the Glossary in the back of the textbook Amenorrhea the absence of at least three consecutive menstrual cycles a defining symptom of anorexia nervosa in females Anorexia Nervosa NV a type of eating disorder characterized by the refusal to maintain a minimally normal body weight along with other symptoms related to body image Binge Eating eating an amount of food in a fixed period of time that is clearly larger than most people would eat under similar circumstances One part of the eating disorder of BN Bing Eating disorder a controversial diagnosis defined by repeated episodes of binge eating but in the absence of compensatory behavior included in the appendix of DSM IV Bulimia Nervosa BN A type of eating disorder characterized by repeated episodes of binge eating followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors such as self induced vomiting together with other symptoms related to eating and body image Cohort A group whose members share some feature in common particularly their date of birth Cohort Effects differences that distinguish one cohort from another Cohorts share some feature in common especially their date of birth and cohort effects often distinguish people born in one time period E g the 1960 s from those born in another Distorted body image a perceptual inaccuracy in evaluating body size and shape that sometimes is found in AN Eating disorders a category of psychological disorders characterized by severe disturbances in eating behavior specifically AN BN Introceptive awareness recognition of internal cues including various emotional states as well as hunger Obesity excess body fat a circumstance that roughly corresponds with a body weight 20 above the expected weight Purging an intentional act designed to eliminate consumed food from the body Self induced vomiting is the most common form Weigh Set Point fixed weights or small ranges of weight around which the body regulates weight for example by increasing or decreasing metabolism 1 What are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa What are the symptoms of each How do they differ from each other What do they have in common 5 CLP 4143 Abnormal Psychology Study Questions Dr M Licht Eating disorders severe disturbances in eating behavior that results from the sufferer s obsessive fear of gaining weight The most deadly disorder even compared to Mood Disorders Anorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder characterized most commonly by extreme emaciation or more technically the refusal to maintain a minimally normal body weight The term anorexia literally means loss of appetite but people with AN are hungry yet they starve themselves nevertheless Usually begins as just a simple diet to lose some extra weight Symptoms o Refusal to maintain a normal weight Weight falls well below the normal range and often plummets to dangerously low levels How thin is too thin DSM IV contains no formal cutoff point for too thin but suggests less than 85 expected body weight Average victim of AN loses 25 30 of normal body weight Estimated 10 die due starvation suicide or medical complications o Disturbance in evaluating weight or shape Perceptual cognitive or affective disturbance in evaluating one s own weight and shape Sometimes people with AN suffer from a disturbance in the way body weight or shape is experienced including distorted body image o Fear of gaining weight Intense fear of becoming fat o Cessation of menstruation Fear may grown more intense as the individual loses more weight Amenorrhea reaction to the loss of body fat and associated with physiological changes However sexual disinterest also common reaction to severe weight loss many experts recommend dropping this criterion for this reason and because some women with AN due menstruate o Struggle for control Take bride in their self denial feeling like masters of control Some theorists speculate An develops out of a desperate sense of having no control Excessively complaint good girls may find that obsessively regulating their diet allows them to be in charge of at least one area of their lives Differences between AN BN BN patients maintain a normal body weight 6 CLP 4143 Abnormal Psychology Study Questions Dr M Licht AN people also eat less during a binge People with BN are embarrassed by their behavior as opposed to people with AN who are proud of their behavior Bulimia Nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by repeated episodes of binge eating followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors such as self induced vomiting misuse of laxatives or excessive exercise The literal term bulimia is ox appetite hungry enough to eat an ox but people with BN typically have a normal appetite and maintain a normal weight Symptoms o Binge eating Relies on a clinicians judgment about normal eating patterns Typically a secret act Caused by an unhappy mood Ice cream is the popular due to smooth texture Interpersonal conflict self criticism about weight or appearance or intense hunger following a period of fasting Initially comforting and alleviates unhappy feelings but physical discomfort and fear of gaining weight soon overrides the positive aspect Lack of control during a binge A feeding frenzy or a dissociative o Inappropriate compensatory behavior experience Purging in this Most common is self induced vomiting 90 of people with BN engage o Prevents the absorption of only about half the calories consumed during a binge Misuse of laxatives diuretics and enemas Non purging Extreme exercise Rigid fasting o Excessive emphasis on weight and shape The individuals sense of self is lined too closely to appearance instead of personality relationships or achievements 2 Is it common for people with these disorders to also experience other mental disorders and or medical complications and if so what are they Ch 10 6th ED pg 302 Custom pg 348 Anorexia nervosa o Medical complications 7 CLP 4143 Abnormal Psychology Study Questions Dr M Licht 20 die due to AN Hair thinning Constipation Abdominal pain Lethargy Intolerance to cold Some of these symptoms stem from effects of semi starvation on blood pressure and body temperature Skin becomes dry and cracked Also lanugo
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