FSU CLP 4143 - Mood Disorders and Suicide

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Learning Objectives for Mood Disorders and Suicide Readings for this topic include all of Chapter 7 Remember information in addition to what is on the pages listed will be discussed in class for some of the objectives 1 What are the symptoms of a Major Depressive Episode Symptoms must be present for most of the day or all day for 2 weeks Depressed Mood Anhedonia loss of interest in more than one thing o Depressed mood or Anhedonia must be one of the five symptoms without either of them we cannot say that someone had a MDE Sleep problems Appetite or Weight Changes Psychomotor Changes restlessness or the opposite sluggishness Loss of Energy Feelings of Worthlessness or Inappropriate Guilt Concentration Problems Suicidal Thoughts 2 What distinguishes a Major Depressive Episode from Major Depressive Disorder Major Depressive Disorder o A Presence of a major depressive episode MDE o B Not better accounted for by another disorder Diagnostically distinct o C No history of a manic mixed or hypomanic episode 3 How is Persistent Depressive Disorder PDD similar to and different from Major Depressive Disorder Major Depressive Disorder o A Presence of a major depressive episode MDE o B Not better accounted for by another disorder Diagnostically distinct o C No history of a manic mixed or hypomanic episode Persistent Depressive Disorder o More chronic can be less severe o Depressed mood most of the day for more days than not for at least 2 years and o At least 2 of the following for at least 2 years 1 Appetite problems 2 Sleep problems 3 Low Energy 4 Low self esteem 5 Poor concentration 6 Feelings of hopelessness 4 What is the prevalence rate for Major Depressive Disorder Persistent Depressive Disorder What are the gender and age differences in MDD s prevalence Major depressive disorder 1 in 6 Persistent depressive disorder 1 in 20 Without treatment long lasting recurrent MDD Leading cause of disease burden cost to society MDD 2X more common in women than men 5 Describe biological theories for Depressive Disorders a What gene has been associated with MDD and how do environmental factors influence its expression Abnormalities in the serotonin transporter gene could lead to dysfunction in the regulation of serotonin which in turn could affect the individual s mood Caspi et al said that people with abnormalities in said gene were at higher risks for depression when they faced negative life events A short allele and long allele paired with childhood maltreatment increased risk of experiencing a major depressive episode Two short alleles increased the risk of experiencing a MDE even more when paired with childhood maltreatment b What neurotransmitters are lower on average in people who are depressed c What brain regions have been shown to act differently in people with MDD For each region is it Norepinephrine or serotonin over or under active Brain differences o Prefrontal cortex decreased activity changes in volume tends to be smaller o Anterior Cingulate hyperactivity in this area implicated in social behavior o Hippocampus decreased activity and volume Implicated with memory o Amygdala increased volume and hyperactivity Implicated with emotions Neuroendocrine factors Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis HPA axis increased hyperactivity 6 Describe psychological theories for depressive disorders a What do behavioral theories say about the development of depression What behaviors are or aren t reinforces in depressed individuals How does this contribute to the syndrome Behavioral theories of depression suggest that life stress leads to depression because it reduces the positive reinforces in a person s life The person begins to withdraw which then leads to further reduction in rein forcers which then leads to more withdrawal creating a perpetual chain These behaviors are reinforced by the sympathy and attention they engender in others Another behavioral theory the learned helplessness theory suggests that unpredictable negative events that is uncontrollable negative events serve as punishers and cause behavioral withdrawal since they believe they are helpless to control important outcomes in their environment So they withdraw further b What do cognitive theories say about depression What maladaptive cognitions have been shown to be present more often in individuals who are depressed People with depression look at the world through a negative cognitive triad They have negative views of themselves the world and the future They then commit errors in thinking that support their negative cognitive triad like ignoring good events and exaggerating negative ones This negative thinking both causes and perpetuates their depression Causal Attributions 7 Compare and contrast major drug classes used to treat depression Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors SSRIs o Most widely used medication Relief within a couple of weeks Less severe side effects better tolerated Selective Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors SSNRIs o Similar advantages as SSRIs but has more stimulant effects 8 Describe the general goals of two primary psychological treatments for depressive disorders Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Interpersonal Therapy Interpersonal Therapy IPT o Goal Identify and address 1 of 4 interpersonal sources of depression Interpersonal Role Disputes Grief loss Role Transitions Interpersonal Skills Deficits Cognitive Behavioral Therapy CBT Two general goals first to change the negative hopeless patterns of thinking described by the cognitive models of depression Second it aims to help people with depression solve concrete problems in their lives and develop skills for being more effective in their world so they no longer have deficits in reinforcers Behavioral Activation activities and exercise o Identify people s values Find activities that are in line with your values Engage in social Learning Objectives for A Mood Disorders and Suicide Readings for this topic include all of Chapter 7 Remember information in addition to what is on the pages listed will be discussed in class for some of the objectives 9 Identify the key features of a Manic Episode with regard to mood time and impairment Manic Episode Distinct period of elevated or irritable mood for at least 1 week less if hospitalized Marked impairment 10 Describe the similarities and differences between a Hypomanic Episode and a Manic Episode Hypomanic Episode less severe Distinct period of elevated mood or irritability for at least 4 days Some


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FSU CLP 4143 - Mood Disorders and Suicide

Documents in this Course
Exam 1

Exam 1

8 pages

Exam 1

Exam 1

9 pages

Exam 3

Exam 3

8 pages

Notes

Notes

18 pages

Chapter 7

Chapter 7

10 pages

Test 1

Test 1

10 pages

Notes

Notes

12 pages

Test 1

Test 1

13 pages

Test 1

Test 1

10 pages

Exam 3

Exam 3

7 pages

CHAPTER 1

CHAPTER 1

27 pages

Anxiety

Anxiety

23 pages

Chapter 7

Chapter 7

10 pages

Test 1

Test 1

17 pages

Test 3

Test 3

13 pages

EXAM 3

EXAM 3

36 pages

Exam 2

Exam 2

31 pages

Exam 1

Exam 1

16 pages

Final SG

Final SG

19 pages

Exam 3

Exam 3

13 pages

Suicide

Suicide

20 pages

Suicide

Suicide

25 pages

Chapter 1

Chapter 1

107 pages

Exam 4

Exam 4

2 pages

Notes

Notes

23 pages

Notes

Notes

2 pages

Notes

Notes

5 pages

Notes

Notes

8 pages

Notes

Notes

2 pages

Notes

Notes

2 pages

Notes

Notes

7 pages

Notes

Notes

5 pages

Notes

Notes

5 pages

Exam 2

Exam 2

6 pages

Notes

Notes

8 pages

Notes

Notes

3 pages

Notes

Notes

4 pages

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