FSU CLP 4143 - Chapter 7: Mood Disorders and Suicide

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Abnormal Psychology CLP4143 04 Fall 2014 Learning Objectives for 10 16 10 23 Chapter 7 Mood Disorders and Suicide Readings for this chapter include all topics in chapter 7 1 Know all KEY TERMS in chapter 7 These are the boldfaced terms found throughout the chapter and listed at end of chapter Definitions for most of these terms also can be found in the Glossary in the back of the textbook Bipolar Disorder Disorder marked by cycles between manic episodes and depressive episodes also called manic depression Mania State of persistently elevated mood feelings of grandiosity overenthusiasm racing thoughts rapid speech and impulsive actions Depression State marked by either a sad mood or a loss of interest in one s usual activities as well as feelings of hopelessness suicidal ideation psychomotor agitation or retardation and trouble concentrating Unipolar Depression Type of depression consisting of depressive symptoms but without manic episodes Major Depression Disorder involving a sad mood or anhedonia plus four or more of the following symptoms weight loss or a decrease in appetite insomnia or hypersomnia psychomotor agitation or retardation fatigue feelings of worthlessness or severe guilt trouble concentrating and suicidal ideation these symptoms must be present for at least 2 weeks and must produce marked impairments in normal functioning Dysthymic Disorder Type of depression that is less acute than major depression but more chronic diagnosis requires the presence of a sad mood or anhedonia plus two other symptoms of depression for at least 2 years during which symptoms do not remit for 2 months or longer Seasonal Affective Disorder Disorder identified by a 2 year period in which a person experiences major depression during winter months and then recovers fully during the summer some people with this disorder also experience mild mania during summer months Bipolar I Disorder Form of bipolar disorder in which the full symptoms of mania are experienced depressive aspects may be more infrequent or mild Abnormal Psychology CLP4143 04 Fall 2014 Bipolar II Disorder Form of bipolar disorder in which only hypomanic episodes are experienced and the depressive component is more pronounced Hypomania State in which an individual shows mild symptoms of mania Cyclothymic Disorder Milder but more chronic form of bipolar disorder that consists of alternation between hypomanic episodes and mild depressive episodes over a period of at least 2 years Rapid Cycling Bipolar Disorder Diagnosis given when a person has four or more cycles of mania and depression within 1 year Monoamines Neurotransmitters including catecholamines epinephrine norepinephrine and dopamine and serotonin that have been implicated in the mood disorders Norepinephrine Neurotransmitter that is involved in the regulation of mood Serotonin Neurotransmitter involved in the regulation of mood and impulsive responses Dopamine Neurotransmitter in the brain excess amounts of which have been thought to cause schizophrenia Cortisol Hormone that helps the body respond to stressors inducing the fight or flight response Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis HPA Axis Three key components of the neuroendocrine system that work together in a feedback system interconnected with the limbic system and the cerebral cortex Behavioral theories of depression Theories that view depression as resulting from negative life events that represent a reduction in positive reinforcement sympathetic responses to depressive behavior then serve as positive reinforcement for the depression itself Abnormal Psychology CLP4143 04 Fall 2014 Learned Helplessness Theory View that exposure to uncontrollable negative events leads to a belief in one s inability to control important outcomes and subsequent loss of motivation indecisiveness and failure of action Negative cognitive triad Perspective seen in depressed people in which they have negative views of themselves of the world and of the future Reformulated learned helplessness theory View that people who attribute negative events to internal stables and global causes are more likely than other people to experience learned helplessness deficits following such events and thus are predisposed to depression Casual attribution Explanation for why an event occurred Rumination Focusing on one s personal concerns and feelings of distress repetitively and passively Interpersonal theories of depression Theories that view the causes of depression as rooted in interpersonal relationships Rejection sensitivity Tendency to be hypervigilant and overreactive to signs of rejection from others Excessive reassurance seeking Constantly looking for assurances from others that one is accepted and loved Cohort effect Effect that occurs when people born in one historical period are at different risk for a disorder than are people born in another historical period Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors SSRIs Class of antidepressant drugs Selective serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors SNRIs Drugs that affect both the serotonin system and the norepinephrine system and are used to treat anxiety and depression Abnormal Psychology CLP4143 04 Fall 2014 Norepinephrine dopamine reuptake inhibitor Drug used to treat depression inhibits the reuptake of both norepinephrine and dopamine Tricyclic antidepressant drugs Class of antidepressant drugs Monoamine oxidase inhibitors MAOIs Class of antidepressant drugs Lithium Drug used to treat manic and depressive symptoms Anticonvulsant Drugs used to treat mania and depression Atypical antipsychotic medications Drugs that seem to be even more effective in treating schizophrenia than phenothiazines without the same neurological side effects they bind to a different type of dopamine receptor than other neuroleptic drugs Electroconvulsive therapy ECT Treatment for depression that involved the induction of a brain seizure by passing electrical current through the patient s brain while he or she is anesthetized Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation rTMS Biological treatment that exposes patients to repeated high intensity magnetic pulses that are focused on particular brain structures in order to stimulate those structures Vagus nerve stimulation VNS Treatment in which the vagus nerve the part of the autonomic nervous system that carries information from the head neck thorax and abdomen to several areas of the brain including the hypothalamus and amygdala is stimulated by a small electronic device


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FSU CLP 4143 - Chapter 7: Mood Disorders and Suicide

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Exam 1

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Exam 3

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Test 1

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Test 1

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Test 1

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Exam 2

Exam 2

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