Unformatted text preview:

Final Exam Study Guide Abnormal Psychology Psychosis inability to tell the difference between what is real and what is not Psychotic disorder when that inability is distressing and impairing Schizophrenia most common type of psychotic disorder Psychotic phenomenon Schizophrenia Positive symptoms characterized by the presence of unusual perceptions thoughts or behaviors positive refers to the fact that symptoms are salient added experiences and includes o Delusions ideas that a person believes are true but are highly unlikely or simply impossible ex voices in head aliens are contacting me radio told me to free the zoo animals DSM4 s definition involves phenomenon that one s culture would regard as implausible Types of delusions persecutory reference random events are directed at oneself grandiose great power talent or is famous powerful person guilt or sin unreasonably somatic altered perception of body being controlled thoughts feelings behaviors controlled by external force Delusions are different from normal thoughts in bizarreness preoccupation resistance Usually different types of delusions are woven together in a complex belief system o Hallucinations unreal perceptual experiences bizarre and extremely distressing impairing Cultural relativism applies when diagnosing delusions content differs across cultures Auditory hallucinations most common and more so in women than men and sometimes voices talk to each other can be aggressive threatening or give orders Hallucinations often consistent with delusions o Disorganized thoughts speech loosening of associations or derailment word salad neologism o Disorganized catatonic behavior Disorganized unpredictable un triggered which explains disheveled appearance inappropriate hygiene clothing shouting swearing pacing Catatonia group of disorganized behaviors that resemble extreme lack of responsiveness Negative symptoms characterized by losses or deficits in certain domains negative refers to the absence of behaviors feelings and experience o Affective flattening diminished or absent emotional responses o Alogia inability to speak properly or at all o Avolition general lack of drive or motivation o Negative symptoms are less bizarre weird but they are associated with more impairment they are less responsive to medication Cognitive deficits deficits in working memory cognition and attention that may cause o Difficulty suppressing unwanted irrelevant information o Difficulty paying attention to relevant information o Overall difficulties in reasoning communication and problem solving Other symptoms o Inappropriate affect laughing at sad things crying at happy things o Anhedonia lack of interest in everything o Impaired social skills more of a result of a symptom than a symptom itself Phases of Schizophrenia o Prodromal phase symptoms present before full criteria is met before acute phase o Acute active psychosis o Residual phase symptoms present after acute phase o During prodromal and residual phases they may express beliefs that are unusual but not delusional and negative symptoms are prominent Schizophrenia criteria o At least 2 of the following for over a month Delusions Hallucinations Disorganized speech Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior Negative symptoms o Social occupational dysfunction o Duration continuous signs of the disturbance for over 6 months Schizophrenia subtypes o Paranoid schizophrenia Delusions and hallucinations with themes of persecution and grandiosity Often do not have disorganized speech or behavior o Disorganized schizophrenia Incoherence in cognition speech and behavior Flat or inappropriate affect Poor hygiene Early onset continuous course Do not have well formed delusions or hallucinations Often unresponsive to treatment Most disabled by disorder o Catatonic schizophrenia Motor behaviors and way of speaking that suggests unresponsiveness to environment 2 or more of the following Motor immobility Odd voluntary movement hand flapping Excessive purposeless motor activity Rigid postures or being completely mute for long period of time Echolalia senseless repetition of words just spoken by others or Echopraxia repetitive imitation of the movements of others o Undifferentiated schizophrenia Doesn t fit into another type Difficult to treat Early onset chronic o Residual Have had at least one acute episode of positive symptoms Do not have prominent positive symptoms currently Have negative symptoms and mild versions of positive symptoms left Prevalence Chronic o 1 2 lifetime prevalence o 5 2 lifetime prevalence worldwide o More common in men Prognosis course o Schizophrenia is debilitating o Life expectancy is 10 years shorter o High relapse 85 have residual and or active symptoms o Higher rates of infectious and circulatory diseases o 10 15 die by suicide Gender differences o Age of onset women late 20s to early 30s men around 21 years old o Course women have better prognosis o Cognitive deficits women show fewer cognitive deficits Sociocultural factors Other psychotic disorders o More benign in developing countries than developed countries o Schizoaffective mix of schizophrenia and mood disorder o Schizophreniform schizophrenia but with symptoms that last only 1 to 6 months o Brief psychotic disorder usually after a major stressor o Delusional disorder only delusions Biological theories integrative model of structural and functional brain abnormalities o Genetics Higher concordance rate between MZ twins than DZ twins 50 likelihood to have schizophrenia if both parents have disorder Adoption studies show that exposure can cause it as well o Structured brain abnormalities Enlarged ventricles most consistent Prefrontal cortex is less active which affects the limbic system and hippocampus Causes of abnormalities damage to developing brain Birth complications perinatal hypoxia oxygen deprivation Prenatal virus exposure high rate associated with flu in 2nd trimester Neurotransmitters overactive DA in mesolimbic pathway underactive DA in prefrontal Psychosocial theories area o Schizophrenia associated with low SES o Social drift people with schizophrenia tend to end up in low economic status vs Urban birth people in big cities are more likely to develop schizophrenia because it is more crowded exposed to infections o The schizophrenogenic mother overprotective and rejecting mothers cause schizophrenia in children send mixed communications causing double binds ex physically comfort child when hurt but criticize


View Full Document

FSU CLP 4143 - Abnormal Psychology

Documents in this Course
Exam 1

Exam 1

8 pages

Exam 1

Exam 1

9 pages

Exam 3

Exam 3

8 pages

Notes

Notes

18 pages

Chapter 7

Chapter 7

10 pages

Test 1

Test 1

10 pages

Notes

Notes

12 pages

Test 1

Test 1

13 pages

Test 1

Test 1

10 pages

Exam 3

Exam 3

7 pages

CHAPTER 1

CHAPTER 1

27 pages

Anxiety

Anxiety

23 pages

Chapter 7

Chapter 7

10 pages

Test 1

Test 1

17 pages

Test 3

Test 3

13 pages

EXAM 3

EXAM 3

36 pages

Exam 2

Exam 2

31 pages

Exam 1

Exam 1

16 pages

Final SG

Final SG

19 pages

Exam 3

Exam 3

13 pages

Suicide

Suicide

20 pages

Suicide

Suicide

25 pages

Chapter 1

Chapter 1

107 pages

Exam 4

Exam 4

2 pages

Notes

Notes

23 pages

Notes

Notes

2 pages

Notes

Notes

5 pages

Notes

Notes

8 pages

Notes

Notes

2 pages

Notes

Notes

2 pages

Notes

Notes

7 pages

Notes

Notes

5 pages

Notes

Notes

5 pages

Exam 2

Exam 2

6 pages

Notes

Notes

8 pages

Notes

Notes

3 pages

Notes

Notes

4 pages

Load more
Download Abnormal Psychology
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Abnormal Psychology and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Abnormal Psychology 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?